36th United States Congress
Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox United States Congress The 36th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1859, to March 4, 1861, during the third and fourth years of James Buchanan's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1850 United States census. The Senate had a Democratic majority, and the House had a Republican plurality. Template:TOC limit
Major events
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Template:See also
- June 8, 1859: Comstock Lode discovered in the western Utah Territory (present-day Nevada)
- August 27, 1859: First oil well was drilled in the United States, near Titusville, Pennsylvania
- October 16–18, 1859: John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry
- December 2, 1859 John Brown executed.
- December 5, 1859 – February 1, 1860: The election for the House speakership takes 44 ballots
- April 3, 1860: Pony Express began its first run
- April 23 – May 3, 1860: Democratic National Convention held in Charleston, South Carolina.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref> Unable to agree on a nominee, the delegates voted to reconvene in June.<ref name="blueandgraytrail1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- May 9, 1860: Constitutional Union Party National Convention held in Baltimore, Maryland, nominating John Bell for president.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- May 18, 1860: Republican National Convention held in Chicago, Illinois, nominating Abraham Lincoln for president.
- June 18–23, 1860: Democratic Party reconvened in Baltimore, Maryland, nominating Stephen A. Douglas for president.<ref name="blueandgraytrail1"/>
- June 26–28, 1860: Southern Democrats held a convention in Richmond, Virginia, nominating John C. Breckinridge for president.<ref name="blueandgraytrail1"/>
- November 6, 1860: U.S. presidential election: Abraham Lincoln beat John C. Breckinridge, Stephen A. Douglas, and John Bell.
- December 20, 1860: South Carolina Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="Hart_and_Channing_OoSaOD"> Template:Cite book Alt URL </ref>
- January 3, 1861: Delaware Secession Convention voted not to secede from the Union<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- January 9, 1861: Mississippi Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="Hart_and_Channing_OoSaOD" />
- January 10, 1861: Florida Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="Hart_and_Channing_OoSaOD" />
- January 11, 1861: Alabama Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="Hart_and_Channing_OoSaOD" />
- January 18, 1861: Georgia Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="Hart_and_Channing_OoSaOD" />
- January 26, 1861: Louisiana Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="Hart_and_Channing_OoSaOD" />
- January 29, 1861. Kansas admitted to the Union as a free state.
- February 1, 1861: Texas Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession<ref name="csawardept1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="Hart_and_Channing_OoSaOD" />
- February 13, 1861: Joint Session of Congress certified the election of President Abraham Lincoln and Vice President Hannibal Hamlin.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- February 23, 1861: The people of Texas ratified its Ordinance of Secession<ref name="csawardept1"/> President-elect Abraham Lincoln arrived secretly in Washington, D.C. after an alleged assassination plot in Baltimore, Maryland.
Major legislation
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
- June 16, 1860: Pacific Telegraph Act of 1860, ch. 147, Template:USStat
- March 2, 1861: Morrill Tariff, ch. 68, Template:USStat
- December 18, 1860 (introduced): Crittenden Compromise, rejected by the House of Representatives and the Senate
Constitutional amendments
- March 2, 1861: Approved an amendment to the United States Constitution that would shield "domestic institutions" of the states (which in 1861 included slavery) from the constitutional amendment process and from abolition or interference by Congress, and submitted it to the state legislatures for ratification Template:USStat
- This amendment, commonly known as the Corwin Amendment, has not been ratified and is still pending before the states.
Treaties
- March 8, 1859: Quinault Treaty ratified, Template:USStat
- March 8, 1859: Point No Point Treaty ratified, Template:USStat
States admitted and territories organized
- January 29, 1861: Kansas admitted as a state, ch. 20, Template:USStat
- February 28, 1861: Colorado Territory organized, ch. 59, Template:USStat
- March 2, 1861: Nevada Territory organized, ch. 83, Template:USStat
- March 2, 1861: Dakota Territory organized, ch. 86, Template:USStat
Party summary
Senate
Template:US Congress party summary
House of Representatives
Template:US Congress party summary
Leadership
John C. Breckinridge
Senate
- President: John C. Breckinridge (D)
- President pro tempore: Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D), until February 26, 1860
- Jesse D. Bright (D), June 12–26, 1860
- Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D), June 26, 1860 – December 2, 1860
- Solomon Foot (R), elected February 16, 1861
House of Representatives
- Speaker: William Pennington (R), elected February 1, 1860, after 44 rounds of balloting<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- Democratic Caucus Chairman: George S. Houston
Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.
Senate
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1862; Class 2 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1864; and Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1860. Template:Col-begin Template:Col-break
- Template:Party stripe2. Clement C. Clay Jr. (D), until January 21, 1861
- Template:Party stripe3. Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D), until January 21, 1861
- Template:Party stripe1. David C. Broderick (D), until September 16, 1859
- Template:Party stripeHenry P. Haun (D), November 3, 1859 – March 4, 1860
- Template:Party stripeMilton Latham (D), from March 5, 1860
- Template:Party stripe3. William M. Gwin (D)
- Template:Party stripe1. Stephen Mallory (D), until January 21, 1861
- Template:Party stripe3. David Levy Yulee (D), until January 21, 1861
- Template:Party stripe2. Robert Toombs (D), until February 4, 1861
- Template:Party stripe3. Alfred Iverson Sr. (D), until January 28, 1861
- 2. Vacant from January 29, 1861 (newly admitted state)
- 3. Vacant from January 29, 1861 (newly admitted state)
- Template:Party stripe2. Judah P. Benjamin (D), until February 4, 1861
- Template:Party stripe3. John Slidell (D), until February 4, 1861
- Template:Party stripe1. Hannibal Hamlin (R), until January 17, 1861
- Template:Party stripeLot M. Morrill (R), from January 17, 1861
- Template:Party stripe2. William Pitt Fessenden (R)
- Template:Party stripe1. Jefferson Davis (D), until January 21, 1861
- Template:Party stripe2. Albert G. Brown (D), until January 12, 1861
- Template:Party stripe2. Edward D. Baker (R), from October 2, 1860
- Template:Party stripe3. Joseph Lane (D)
- Template:Party stripe2. James Chesnut Jr. (D), until November 10, 1860
- Template:Party stripe3. James H. Hammond (D), until November 11, 1860
- Template:Party stripe1. Andrew Johnson (D)
- Template:Party stripe2. Alfred O. P. Nicholson (D), until March 3, 1861
- Template:Party stripe1. Matthias Ward (D), until December 5, 1859
- Template:Party stripeLouis Wigfall (D), from December 5, 1859
- Template:Party stripe2. John Hemphill (D)
Benjamin Fitzpatrick,
until February 26, 1860
June 26, 1860 – December 2, 1860
Jesse D. Bright,
June 12, 1860 – June 13, 1860
Solomon Foot,
from February 16, 1861
House of Representatives
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} The names of representatives are preceded by their district numbers. Template:Col-begin Template:Col-break
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James A. Stallworth (D), until January 21, 1861
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James L. Pugh (D), until January 21, 1861
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. David Clopton (D), until January 21, 1861
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Sydenham Moore (D), until January 21, 1861
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. George S. Houston (D), until January 21, 1861
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Williamson R. W. Cobb (D), until January 30, 1861
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Jabez L. M. Curry (D), until January 21, 1861
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Thomas C. Hindman (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Albert Rust (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John C. Burch (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Charles L. Scott (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Dwight Loomis (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Woodruff (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Alfred A. Burnham (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Orris S. Ferry (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. George S. Hawkins (D), until January 21, 1861
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Peter E. Love (D), until January 23, 1861
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Martin J. Crawford (D), until January 23, 1861
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Thomas Hardeman Jr. (O), until January 23, 1861
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Lucius J. Gartrell (D), until January 23, 1861
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John W. H. Underwood (D), until January 23, 1861
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James Jackson (D), until January 23, 1861
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Joshua Hill (O), until January 23, 1861
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John J. Jones (D), until January 23, 1861
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Elihu B. Washburne (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John F. Farnsworth (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Owen Lovejoy (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Kellogg (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Isaac N. Morris (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John A. McClernand (D), from November 8, 1859
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James C. Robinson (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Philip B. Fouke (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John A. Logan (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William E. Niblack (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William H. English (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William McKee Dunn (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William S. Holman (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. David Kilgore (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Albert G. Porter (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John G. Davis (ALD)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James Wilson (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Schuyler Colfax (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Charles Case (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John U. Pettit (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Samuel Curtis (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Vandever (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Martin F. Conway (R), from January 29, 1861 (newly admitted state)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Henry C. Burnett (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Samuel O. Peyton (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Francis Bristow (O)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William C. Anderson (O)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Y. Brown (D), from December 3, 1860
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Green Adams (O)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Robert Mallory (O)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William E. Simms (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Laban T. Moore (O)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John W. Stevenson (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John E. Bouligny (A)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Miles Taylor (D), until February 5, 1861
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Thomas G. Davidson (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John M. Landrum (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Daniel E. Somes (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John J. Perry (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Ezra B. French (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Freeman H. Morse (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Israel Washburn Jr. (R), until January 1, 1861
- Template:Party stripeStephen Coburn (R), from January 2, 1861
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Stephen C. Foster (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James A. Stewart (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Edwin H. Webster (A)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. J. Morrison Harris (A)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Henry Winter Davis (A)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Jacob M. Kunkel (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. George W. Hughes (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Thomas D. Eliot (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James Buffington (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Charles F. Adams Sr. (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Alexander H. Rice (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Anson Burlingame (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John B. Alley (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Daniel W. Gooch (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Charles R. Train (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Eli Thayer (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Charles Delano (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Henry L. Dawes (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. George B. Cooper (D), until May 15, 1860
- Template:Party stripeWilliam A. Howard (R), from May 15, 1860
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Henry Waldron (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Francis W. Kellogg (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Dewitt C. Leach (R)
Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
(2 Republicans)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Cyrus Aldrich (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Windom (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Lucius Q. C. Lamar (D), until December 20, 1860
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Reuben Davis (D), until January 12, 1861
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Barksdale (D), until January 12, 1861
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Otho R. Singleton (D), until January 12, 1861
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John J. McRae (D), until January 12, 1861
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John R. Barret (D), until June 8, 1860
- Template:Party stripeFrancis P. Blair Jr. (R), June 8, 1860 – June 25, 1860
- Template:Party stripeJohn R. Barret (D), from December 3, 1860
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Thomas L. Anderson (ID)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John B. Clark (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James Craig (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Samuel H. Woodson (A)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John S. Phelps (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John W. Noell (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Gilman Marston (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Mason Tappan (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Thomas M. Edwards (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John T. Nixon (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John L. N. Stratton (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Garnett Adrain (ALD)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Jetur R. Riggs (ALD)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Pennington (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Luther C. Carter (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James Humphrey (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Daniel Sickles (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Thomas J. Barr (ID)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William B. Maclay (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Cochrane (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. George Briggs (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Horace F. Clark (ALD)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John B. Haskin (ALD)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Charles H. Van Wyck (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William S. Kenyon (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Charles L. Beale (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Abram B. Olin (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John H. Reynolds (ALD)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James B. McKean (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. George W. Palmer (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Francis E. Spinner (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Clark B. Cochrane (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James H. Graham (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Roscoe Conkling (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. R. Holland Duell (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. M. Lindley Lee (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Charles B. Hoard (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Charles B. Sedgwick (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Martin Butterfield (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Emory B. Pottle (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Alfred Wells (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Irvine (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Alfred Ely (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Augustus Frank (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Silas M. Burroughs (R), until June 3, 1860
- Template:Party stripeEdwin R. Reynolds (R), from December 5, 1860
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Elbridge G. Spaulding (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Reuben Fenton (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William N. H. Smith (O)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Thomas Ruffin (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Warren Winslow (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Lawrence O'Bryan Branch (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Gilmer (O)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James M. Leach (O)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. F. Burton Craige (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Zebulon Vance (O)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. George H. Pendleton (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John A. Gurley (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Clement Vallandigham (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Allen (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James M. Ashley (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Howard (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Thomas Corwin (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Benjamin Stanton (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Carey (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Carey A. Trimble (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Charles D. Martin (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Samuel S. Cox (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Sherman (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Cyrus Spink (R), until May 31, 1859
- Template:Party stripeHarrison G. O. Blake (R), from October 11, 1859
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Helmick (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Cydnor B. Tompkins (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Thomas C. Theaker (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Sidney Edgerton (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Edward Wade (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Hutchins (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Bingham (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Thomas B. Florence (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Edward Joy Morris (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John P. Verree (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Millward (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Wood (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Hickman (ALD)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Henry C. Longnecker (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Schwartz (ALD), until June 20, 1860
- Template:Party stripeJacob K. McKenty (D), from December 3, 1860
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Thaddeus Stevens (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John W. Killinger (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James H. Campbell (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. George W. Scranton (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William H. Dimmick (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Galusha A. Grow (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James T. Hale (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Benjamin F. Junkin (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Edward McPherson (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Samuel S. Blair (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Covode (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Montgomery (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James K. Moorhead (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Robert McKnight (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Stewart (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Chapin Hall (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Elijah Babbitt (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Christopher Robinson (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William D. Brayton (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John McQueen (D), until December 21, 1860
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William P. Miles (D), until December 21, 1860
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Laurence M. Keitt (D), until December 1860
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Milledge L. Bonham (D), until December 21, 1860
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John D. Ashmore (D), until December 21, 1860
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William W. Boyce (D), until December 21, 1860
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Thomas A. R. Nelson (O)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Horace Maynard (O)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Reese B. Brabson (O)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William B. Stokes (O)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Robert H. Hatton (O)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James H. Thomas (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John V. Wright (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James M. Quarles (O)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Emerson Etheridge (O)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William T. Avery (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John H. Reagan (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Andrew J. Hamilton (ID)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Eliakim P. Walton (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Justin S. Morrill (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Homer E. Royce (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Muscoe R. H. Garnett (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John S. Millson (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Daniel C. De Jarnette (ID)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Goode (D), until July 3, 1859
- Template:Party stripeRoger A. Pryor (D), from December 7, 1859
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Thomas S. Bocock (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Shelton Leake (ID)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Smith (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Alexander Boteler (O)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John T. Harris (ID)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Sherrard Clemens (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Albert G. Jenkins (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Henry A. Edmundson (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Elbert S. Martin (ID)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John F. Potter (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Cadwallader C. Washburn (R)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Charles H. Larrabee (D)
Non-voting members
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Marcus J. Parrott (R), until January 29, 1861
- Template:0Template:Ushr. Experience Estabrook, until May 18, 1860
- Template:Party stripeSamuel G. Daily (R), from May 18, 1860
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Miguel A. Otero (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William H. Hooper (D)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Isaac Stevens (D)
| House seats by party holding plurality in state | |
|---|---|
| Template:Legend | Template:Legend |
| Template:Legend | Template:Legend |
| Template:Legend | Template:Legend |
William Pennington
Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
Senate
- Replacements: 4
- Democrats (D): no net change
- Republicans (R): no net change
- Deaths: 1
- Resignations: 1
- Interim appointments: 1
- Withdrawals: 13
- Total seats with changes: 16
Template:Ordinal US Congress change
|-
| Oregon
(2)
| Vacant
| Successor elected late due to legislature's failure to elect.
| Template:Party shading/Republican | Edward D. Baker (R)
| October 2, 1860
|-
| California
(1)
| Template:Party shading/Democratic | David C. Broderick (D)
| Died September 16, 1859, after taking part in a duel he participated in, which he was unlucky.
Interim successor was appointed to continue the term.
| Template:Party shading/Democratic | Henry P. Haun (D)
| November 3, 1859
|-
| Texas
(1)
| Template:Party shading/Democratic | Matthias Ward (D)
| Interim appointee lost nomination to finish the term
Successor elected December 5, 1859.
| Template:Party shading/Democratic | Louis Wigfall (D)
| December 5, 1859
|-
| California
(1)
| Template:Party shading/Democratic | Henry P. Haun (D)
| Interim appointee lost election to finish the term
Successor elected March 5, 1860.
| Template:Party shading/Democratic | Milton Latham (D)
| March 5, 1860
|-
| South Carolina
(2)
| Template:Party shading/Democratic | James Chesnut Jr. (D)
| Withdrew November 10, 1860.
| Vacant
| Not filled this Congress
|-
| South Carolina
(3)
| Template:Party shading/Democratic | James H. Hammond (D)
| Withdrew November 11, 1860.
| Vacant
| Not filled this Congress
|-
| Mississippi
(2)
| Template:Party shading/Democratic | Albert G. Brown (D)
| Withdrew January 12, 1861.
| Vacant
| Not filled this Congress
|-
| Maine
(1)
| Template:Party shading/Republican | Hannibal Hamlin (R)
| Resigned January 17, 1861, to become Vice President of the United States.
Successor elected January 17, 1861.
| Template:Party shading/Republican | Lot M. Morrill (R)
| January 17, 1861
|-
| Alabama
(3)
| Template:Party shading/Democratic | Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D)
| Withdrew January 21, 1861.
| Vacant
| Not filled this Congress
|-
| Alabama
(2)
| Template:Party shading/Democratic | Clement C. Clay (D)
| Withdrew January 21, 1861.
| Vacant
| Not filled this Congress
|-
| Florida
(1)
| Template:Party shading/Democratic | Stephen Mallory (D)
| Withdrew January 21, 1861.
| Vacant
| Not filled this Congress
|-
| Florida
(3)
| Template:Party shading/Democratic | David L. Yulee (D)
| Withdrew January 21, 1861.
| Vacant
| Not filled this Congress
|-
| Mississippi
(1)
| Template:Party shading/Democratic | Jefferson Davis (D)
| Withdrew January 21, 1861.
| Vacant
| Not filled this Congress
|-
| Georgia
(3)
| Template:Party shading/Democratic | Alfred Iverson Sr. (D)
| Withdrew January 28, 1861.
| Vacant
| Not filled this Congress
|-
| Kansas
(2)
| New seat
| New state admitted to the Union January 29, 1861
Senator was not elected until the next Congress.
| Vacant
| Not filled this Congress
|-
| Kansas
(3)
| New seat
| New state admitted to the Union January 29, 1861
Senator was not elected until the next Congress.
| Vacant
| Not filled this Congress
|-
| Georgia
(2)
| Template:Party shading/Democratic | Robert Toombs (D)
| Withdrew February 4, 1861.
| Vacant
| Not filled this Congress
|-
| Louisiana
(2)
| Template:Party shading/Democratic | Judah P. Benjamin (D)
| Withdrew February 4, 1861.
| Vacant
| Not filled this Congress
|-
| Louisiana
(3)
| Template:Party shading/Democratic | John Slidell (D)
| Withdrew February 4, 1861.
| Vacant
| Not filled this Congress
|-
| Tennessee
(2)
| Template:Party shading/Democratic | Alfred O. P. Nicholson (D)
| Withdrew March 3, 1861.
| Vacant
| Not filled this Congress
|}
House of Representatives
- Replacements: 7
- Democrats (D): no net change
- Republicans (R): 1 seat net loss
- Anti-Lecompton Democrats (LD): 1 seat net gain
- Deaths: 4
- Resignations: 3
- Contested election: 1
- Withdrawals: 28
- Total seats with changes: 41
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Template:Ordinal US Congress change
|- | Template:Ushr | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Vacancy in term | Template:Party shading/Democratic | John A. McClernand (D) | Seated November 8, 1859 |- | Template:Ushr | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Brown could not take seat because he had not yet attained age required by the US Constitution | Template:Party shading/Democratic | John Y. Brown (D) | Seated December 3, 1860 |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Republican | Cyrus Spink (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died May 31, 1859 | Template:Party shading/Republican | Harrison G. O. Blake (R) | Seated October 11, 1859 |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | William Goode (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died July 3, 1859 | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Roger A. Pryor (D) | Seated December 7, 1859 |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | George B. Cooper (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election May 15, 1860 | Template:Party shading/Republican | Francis P. Blair Jr. (R) | Seated May 15, 1860 |- | Template:Ushr | Experience Estabrook | style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election May 18, 1860 | Template:Party shading/Republican | Samuel G. Daily (R) | Seated May 18, 1860 |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Republican | Silas M. Burroughs (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died June 3, 1860 | Template:Party shading/Republican | Edwin R. Reynolds (R) | Seated December 5, 1860 |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | John R. Barret (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election June 8, 1860 | Template:Party shading/Republican | William A. Howard (R) | Seated June 8, 1860 |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | John Schwartz (ALD) | style="font-size:80%" | Died June 20, 1860 | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Jacob K. McKenty (D) | Seated December 3, 1860 |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Republican | William A. Howard (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned June 25, 1860 | Template:Party shading/Democratic | John R. Barret (D) | Seated December 3, 1860 |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Lucius Q. C. Lamar II (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Retired December ???, 1860 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Laurence M. Keitt (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Retired December ???, 1860 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | John McQueen (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Retired December 21, 1860 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | William P. Miles (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Retired December 21, 1860 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Milledge L. Bonham (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Retired December 21, 1860 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | John D. Ashmore (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Retired December 21, 1860 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | William W. Boyce (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Retired December 21, 1860 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Republican | Israel Washburn Jr. (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 1, 1861, after being elected Governor of Maine | Template:Party shading/Republican | Stephen Coburn (R) | Seated January 2, 1861 |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Reuben Davis (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 12, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | William Barksdale (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 12, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Otho R. Singleton (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 12, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | John J. McRae (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 12, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | James A. Stallworth (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 21, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | James L. Pugh (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 21, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | David Clopton (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 21, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Sydenham Moore (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 21, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | George S. Houston (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 21, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Jabez L. M. Curry (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 21, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | George S. Hawkins (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 21, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Peter E. Love (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Retired January 23, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Martin J. Crawford (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 23, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Opposition | Thomas Hardeman Jr. (O) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 23, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Lucius J. Gartrell (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Retired January 23, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | John W. H. Underwood (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 23, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | James Jackson (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Retired January 23, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Opposition | Joshua Hill (O) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 23, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | John J. Jones (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 23, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Republican | Marcus J. Parrott (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Kansas was admitted to the Union January 29, 1861 | colspan=2 | Seat eliminated |- | Template:Ushr | New Seat | style="font-size:80%" | Kansas was admitted to the Union January 29, 1861 | Template:Party shading/Republican | Martin F. Conway (R) | Seated January 29, 1861 |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Williamson R. W. Cobb (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 30, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Miles Taylor (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew February 5, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |}
Committees
Lists of committees and their party leaders.
Senate
- Alter and Improve Senate Chamber (Select)
- Amendments to the Constitution (Select)
- Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (Chairman: Andrew Johnson)
- Banks of the District of Columbia (Select)
- Circulation of Bank Notes in the District of Columbia (Select)
- Claims (Chairman: Alfred Iverson Jr.)
- Commerce (Chairman: Clement Claiborne Clay)
- Comptroller William Medill (Select)
- Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)
- District of Columbia (Chairman: Albert G. Brown)
- Duties of Imports (Select)
- Finance (Chairman: Robert M. T. Hunter)
- Foreign Relations (Chairman: James M. Mason)
- French Spoilations (Select)
- Harpers Ferry Invasion (Select)
- Indian Affairs (Chairman: William K. Sebastian)
- Judiciary (Chairman: James A. Bayard Jr.)
- Memorial of Houmas Lands Settlers (Select)
- Military Affairs (Chairman: Jefferson Davis)
- Naval Affairs (Chairman: Stephen Mallory)
- Ordnance and War Ships (Select)
- Pacific Railroad (Select)
- Patents and the Patent Office (Chairman: William Bigler)
- Pensions (Chairman: N/A)
- Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: N/A)
- Printing (Chairman: N/A)
- Public Printing Investigation (Select)
- Private Land Claims (Chairman: N/A)
- Public Lands (Chairman: Robert W. Johnson)
- Retrenchment (Chairman: N/A)
- Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: N/A)
- Tariff Regulation (Select)
- Territories (Chairman: N/A)
- Thirteen on the Disturbed Condition of the Country (Select)
- Whole
House of Representatives
- Accounts (Chairman: Francis E. Spinner)
- Agriculture (Chairman: Martin Butterfield)
- Claims (Chairman: John Hickman)
- Commerce (Chairman: Elihu B. Washburne)
- District of Columbia (Chairman: Luther C. Carter)
- Elections (Chairman: John A. Gilmer)
- Engraving (Chairman: Garnett B. Adrain)
- Expenditures in the Interior Department (Chairman: N/A)
- Expenditures in the Navy Department (Chairman: Robert Hatton)
- Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Chairman: George W. Palmer)
- Expenditures in the State Department (Chairman: James B. McKean)
- Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Chairman: Dwight Loomis)
- Expenditures in the War Department (Chairman: William Stewart)
- Expenditures on Public Buildings (Chairman: William D. Brayton)
- Foreign Affairs (Chairman: Thomas Corwin)
- Indian Affairs (Chairman: Emerson Etheridge)
- Invalid Pensions (Chairman: Reuben E. Fenton)
- Judiciary (Chairman: John Hickman)
- Manufactures (Chairman: Charles F. Adams)
- Mileage (Chairman: John D. Ashmore)
- Military Affairs (Chairman: Benjamin Stanton)
- Militia (Chairman: Cydnor B. Tompkins)
- Naval Affairs (Chairman: Freeman H. Morse)
- Patents (Chairman: William Millward)
- Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: Schuyler Colfax)
- Private Land Claims (Chairman: Cadwallader C. Washburn)
- Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: Charles R. Train)
- Public Expenditures (Chairman: John B. Haskin)
- Public Lands (Chairman: Eli Thayer)
- Revisal and Unfinished Business (Chairman: John A. Logan)
- Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: George N. Briggs)
- Revolutionary Pensions (Chairman: John F. Potter)
- Roads and Canals (Chairman: Robert Mallory)
- Rules (Select)
- Standards of Official Conduct
- Territories (Chairman: Galusha A. Grow)
- Ways and Means (Chairman: John Sherman)
- Whole
Joint committees
- Enrolled Bills (Chairman: Sen. Henry Haun then Sen. Willard Saulsbury Sr.)
- The Library (Chairman: Rep. John U. Pettit)
- Printing (Chairman: Rep. John A. Gurley)
- Making Arrangements for Inaugurating Washington's Statue
Caucuses
- Democratic (House)
- Democratic (Senate)
Employees
Legislative branch agency directors
Senate
- Chaplain: Stephen P. Hill (Baptist), until December 15, 1859
- Phineas D. Gurley (Presbyterian), elected December 15, 1859
- Secretary: Asbury Dickins
- Sergeant at Arms: Dunning R. McNair
House of Representatives
- Clerk: James C. Allen, until February 3, 1860
- John W. Forney, elected February 3, 1860
- Chaplain: None
- Doorkeeper: Robert B. Hackney, until February 6, 1860
- George Marston, elected February 6, 1860
- Messenger: Thaddeus Morrice
- Postmaster: Josiah M. Lucas
- Reading Clerks: Template:Data missing
- Sergeant at Arms: Adam J. Glossbrenner, until February 3, 1860
- Henry William Hoffman, from February 3, 1860
See also
- 1858 United States elections (elections leading to this Congress)
- 1860 United States elections (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)