List of alternative names for European rivers
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Template:Short description All or almost all rivers in Europe have alternative names in different languages. Some rivers have also undergone name changes for political or other reasons. This article provides known alternative names for all major European rivers. It also includes alternative names of some lesser rivers that are important because of their location or history.
This article does not offer any opinion about what the "original", "official", "real", or "correct" name of any river is or was. Rivers are listed alphabetically by their current best-known name in English. The English version is followed by variants in other languages, in alphabetical order by name, and then by any historical variants and former names.
Foreign names that are the same as their English equivalents may be listed, to provide an answer to the question "What is that name in...?".
Template:Compact TOC
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A
| English name | Countries | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Aa | Template:FlagiconTemplate:Small | Aa (Dutch, French, West Flemish), Abbe (Picard), Agnio (Latin) |
| Aare | Template:FlagiconTemplate:Small | Aar (French, Italian), Aara (Romansh, Czech), Aare (Alemannish, German), Abrinca, Arola or Arula (Latin) |
| Achelous | Template:FlagiconTemplate:Small | Achelôios - Ἀχελῷος (ancient Greek), Achelóos - Αχελώος (modern Greek), Acheloos (German, alternative English), Acheloös (Dutch), Achéloos or Achéloüs (French), Achelous (Latin), Aheloos (Romanian), Aqueloo (Spanish form in mythology), Aspropotamo (Italian), Aspropotamos - Ασπροπόταμος (medieval Greek), Aspropótamos (Spanish), Axenus, Thestiu, and Thoas (possible earlier ancient Greek names) |
| Acheron | Template:FlagiconTemplate:Small | Acheron (Latin, German, Turkish), Acherōn - Ἀχέρων or Acherousios - Ἀχερούσιος (Ancient Greek), Achéron (French), Acherontas - Αχέροντας (modern Greek), Acheronte (Italian), Aheron (Romanian), Aheront (Croatian), Aqueront (Catalan), Aqueronte or Aquerón (Spanish), Gliqi or Frar (Albanian) |
| Adda | Template:FlagiconTemplate:Small | Abdua and Abadua (Latin variants), Ada (Lombard, Venetian), Adda (Italian), Addua (Latin) |
| Adige | Template:FlagiconTemplate:Small | Ades (Dolomitic Ladin), Àdexe (Venetian), Adige (Italian, French), Adigio (Spanish), Adis (Lombard), Adiža (Slovene), Adiže (Czech), Adyga (Polish), Athesis (Latin), Athyses - Αθυσης (Ancient Greek), Égg’ (Emiliano-Romagnolo), Etsch (German) |
| Adour | Template:FlagiconTemplate:Small | Ador (Occitan), Adour (French, German, Italian), Adur (Spanish), Aturri (Basque) |
| Ain | Template:FlagiconTemplate:Small | Addua, Danus, Idanus, Indus or Igneus (Neo-Latin), Ain (French), Hinnis (Old French) |
| Aire | Template:FlagiconTemplate:Small | Arus (Neo-Latin; 17th-century), Eyr and Eir (Middle English; 12th century), ðarcy and Yr (Anglo-Saxon; 10th century) |
| Aisne | Template:FlagiconTemplate:Small | Ainne (Picard), Aisne (French), Axona (Latin) |
| Akhurian | Template:Flagicon Template:FlagiconTemplate:Small | Achurjan (German), Akhourian (French), Akhurean - Ախուրեան (Classical Armenian), Akhuryan - Ախուրյան (Armenian), Akhuryan - Ахурян or Arpachay Арпачай (Russian), Arpaçay (Turkish), ارپه چاى (Ottoman Turkish) |
| Alatyr | Template:FlagiconTemplate:Small | Alatyr - Алатырь (Russian), Rator - Ратор (Erzya and Mocksha Mordvin), Ulatăr - Улатӑр (Chuvash) |
| Alazani | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Alaz - Алаз (Chechen), Alazan - Ալազան (Armenian), Alazan - Алазан (Avaric), Alazani - ალაზანი (Georgian), Alazani - Алаза́ни (Russian), Dur - Дур (Tsakhur), Qanıx (Azerbaijani) |
| Albula | Template:Flagicon | Albula (German), Alvra (Romansh) |
| Alfeios | Template:Flagicon | Alfeo (Italian, Spanish), Alfios (German), Alphée (French), Alpheiós - Ἀλφειός (ancient Greek), Alpheus (Latin), Alphiós - Αλφειός (modern Greek), Rouphiás - Ρουφιάς (alternative Greek name) |
| Aller | Template:Flagicon | Alera, Elera and Alara (Old Saxon/Neo-Latin; 8th-11th century), Aller (German) |
| Allier | Template:Flagicon | Aleî (Auvergnat dialect of Occitan), Alèir (Occitan), Alier (Catalan), Allier (French), Elaver (Latin) |
| Altaelva | Template:Flagicon | Alattionjoki (Finnish, Kven), Altaälven (Swedish), Altaelv (German), Altaelva (Norwegian), Álttáeatnu (Northern Sami) |
| Altmühl | Template:Flagicon | Alcmona and Alcmana (8th-9th century), Altmühl (German) |
| Alzette | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Alisontia (Latin), Alzette (French), Alzig and Elze (German, old), Uelzecht (Luxembourgish) |
| Amblève | Template:Flagicon | Ambleve (Walloon), Amblève (French), Amel (German) |
| Amper | Template:Flagicon | Amber (Latin), Ammer (German; upstream river), Amper (German; downstream river) |
| Amstel | Template:Flagicon | Aem or Aeme (Old Frisian), Aemstel (Middle Dutch; 12th-13th century), Amstel (Dutch) |
| Angrapa | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Angerapp (German), Angrapa - Анграпа (Russian), Angrapė (Lithuanian), Węgorapa (Polish) |
| Aniene | Template:Flagicon | Anien, Anio or Tibero (Latin), Aniene or Teverone (Italian) |
| Aoös | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Aias/Aoös - Αίας/Αώος (modern Greek), Aōos - Αώος (Ancient Greek), Aous (Latin), Băiasa (Aromanian), Vjosa or Vjosë (Albanian), Vjosa (French, German), Voiussa (Italian), Vojuša - Војуша (Macedonian, Serbian), Vovousa - Βοβούσα (modern Greek alternative) |
| Arachthos | Template:Flagicon | Arachthos (French, German, Italian, Spanish), Árakhthos - Άραχθος (Greek), Narta (Albanian) |
| Aragón | Template:Flagicon | Aragó (Catalan), Aragoi (Basque), Aragon (French, Occitan), Aragón (Aragonese, Spanish), Aragonius (Latin) |
| Aras | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Arakhsi - არაქსი (Georgian), Araks - Արաքս (Armenian), Araks - Аракс (Russian), Aras (Turkish, German, Italian, Spanish), Aras - ارس (Persian), Araxe (French), Araxes (Latin, English variant), Araxes - Αράξης (ancient Greek), Araz (Azerbaijani), Erez (Kurdish), Rakhsi - რახსი (Old Georgian), Yeraskh - Երասխ (Classical Armenian) |
| Arda | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Arda - Арда (Bulgarian), Arda (Turkish), Árdas - Άρδας (Modern Greek), Arpisos - Άρπησσος (Ancient Greek), Artiscus (Latin) |
| Ardèche | Template:Flagicon | Ardecha (Occitan), Ardèche (French), Hentica? (AD 950) |
| Argens | Template:Flagicon | Argenç (Occitan), Argens (French), Argenteus(Latin) |
| Argeș | Template:Flagicon | Ardzhesh - Арджеш (Bulgarian), Argeș (Romanian), Argisch (German), Argyas (Hungarian), Ordessos and Argessus (Latin) |
| Ariège | Template:Flagicon | Arièja (Occitan), Arieja (Catalan), Ariège (French), Aurigera(Latin) |
| Arieș | Template:Flagicon | Aranyos (Hungarian), Arieș (Romanian), Goldfluss (German, rare) |
| Arno | Template:Flagicon | Arno (Italian), Arnu (Sicilian), Arnus (Latin) |
| Arroux | Template:Flagicon | Arotius, Isrus, Hesrus or Adrus (Latin), Arroux (French) |
| Aterno | Template:Flagicon | Aterno (Italian; upstream part), Aternos - Άτερνος (Ancient Greek), Aternus and Piscarius (Latin), Pescara (Italian; downstream part) |
| Arve | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Arva (Latin), Arve (French) |
| Aube | Template:Flagicon | Alba and Albis (Latin; 8th-9th century), Aube (French) |
| Aude | Template:Flagicon | Atax (Latin), Aude (French, Catalan, Occitan), |
| Aulne | Template:Flagicon | Alaunus (Latin), Aon (Breton, Welsh), Aulne (French) |
| Authie | Template:Flagicon | Alteia (Latin), Authie (French), Eutie (Picard), Otie (Dutch) |
| Aveyron | Template:Flagicon | Avairon (Occitan), Avario and Veronius (Latin), Aveyron (French) |
| Avon | Template:Flagicon | Auvona (Latin), Bristol Avon (English variant) |
B
| English name | Countries | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Bacchiglione | Template:Flagicon | Bacajon (Venetian), Bacchiglione (Italian), Medoacus Minor (Latin) |
| Baïse | Template:Flagicon | Baïsa (Occitan), Baïse (French), Banisia (Neo-Latin; 13th century), Vanesia (Latin; 4th century) |
| Bann | Template:Flagicon | Bann Wattèr (Ulster-Scots), Bhanna (Irish) |
| Barrow | Template:Flagicon | Berua or Birgus (Latin), Bhearú (Irish) |
| Basento | Template:Flagicon | Basento (Italian), Casuentus (Latin) |
| Bega | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Bega (Romanian, German), Béga (Hungarian), Begej - Бегеј (Serbian, Bosnian) |
| Belaya (Kama) | Template:Flagicon | Ağídel - Агыйдел (Tatar), Ağiźel - Ағиҙел (Bashkir), Aqedil - Ақеділ (Kazakh), Asho - Ашо (Erzya), Belaïa or Aguidel (French), Belaja (Dutch, German, Italian), Belaya - Бе́лая (Russian), Bélaya or Aghidhel (Spanish), Bila - Біла (Ukrainian), Osh Viche - Ош Виче (Mari), Töd’y Kam - Тӧдьы Кам (Udmur), Šur Atăl - Шур Атӑл (Chuvash) |
| Berezina | Template:Flagicon | Berezina - Березина (Russian, Ukrainian), Berezina (Czech, Lithuanian), Berezyna (Polish), Bjaresina (German), Byarezina - Бярэ́зіна (Belarusian) |
| Berkel | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Bekke (Achterhooks), Bercle, Bercla and Berclo (14th century), Berkel (Dutch, German, Low Saxon) |
| Berounka<ref>Berounka nebo Mze?(in Czech)</ref> | Template:Flagicon | Beraun (German), Berounka (Czech), Mies (German; upstream, formerly entire river), Mže (Czech; upstream, formerly entire river), Plzenská reka, Radbuza, Watta (former Czech names) |
| Bîc | Template:Flagicon | Bîc or Bâc (Romanian), Bik or Bic (German), Byk - Бик (Ukrainian), Byk - Бык (Russian) |
| Biebrza | Template:Flagicon | Bebras (Lithuanian), Biebrza (Polish), Bober (German variant), Бобра - Bobra (former? Belarusian, Ukrainian), Byebzha - Бебжа (Belarusian) |
| Biferno | Template:Flagicon | Biferno (Italian), Tifernus or Phiternus (Latin) |
| Birs | Template:Flagicon | Birs (Alemannisch, German), Birsa (Italian, Latin), Birse (French) |
| Template:Ill | Template:Flagicon | Bistrica (Montenegrin, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian), Clear water (English) |
| Bistrița | Template:Flagicon | Beszterce (Hungarian), Bistrița (Romanian), Bistritz (German), Nösen (archaic German) |
| Blackwater (Munster) | Template:Flagicon | An Abha Mhór (Irish), Auenmorus (Latin) |
| Blavet | Template:Flagicon | Blabia, later Blavetum or Blavitta (Latin), Blavet (French), Blavezh (Breton, Welsh), |
| Bóbr | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Bober (German), Bobr (Czech, Sorbian), Bóbr (Polish), Bobrawa (Lower Sorbian variant), Bubr - Бубр (Ukrainian) |
| Bodrog | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Bodrog (Slovak, Hungarian), Bodrok (former Slovak variant) |
| Buna | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Barbana (Latin), Boiana (Italian), Bojana - Бојана (Montenegrin, Macedonian, Serbian), Boyana (Turkish), Boyna - Μπούνα (Greek), Buna (Albanian, Czech, French, German), Bunë (Albanian) |
| Bosna | Template:Flagicon | Basana / Bathinus (Latin), Bosna (Bosnian, Croatian), Bosna - Босна (Serbian), Bośnia (Polish) |
| Boyne | Template:Flagicon | Bhóinn or Abhainn na Bóinne (Irish), Boandus (Neo-Latin (13th-century), Bououinda - Βουουινδα (Greek, 2nd century) |
| Brda | Template:Flagicon | Brahe (German), Brda (Polish, Czech) |
| Brenta | Template:Flagicon | Brandau (German), Brenta (Italian, Venetian), Medeiochos - Μηδειοχος (ancient Greek), Medoacus Maior (Latin) |
| Bug, Southern | Template:Flagicon | Aksu (Ottoman Turkish), Boh (Czech, Polish, Slovak), Boug méridional (French), Bug or Bugul de Sud (Romanian), Etelä-Bug (Finnish), Hypanis - Ύπανις (ancient Greek, Latin), Lõuna-Bug (Estonian), Pivdennyi Buh - Південний Буг (Ukrainian), Südlicher Bug (German), Yuzhnyi Bug - Южный Буг (Russian), Zuidelijke Boeg (Dutch) |
| Bug, Western | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Boug (French), Bug (Polish, English, German, Hungarian), Bug / Länsi-Bug (Finnish), Bug / Lääne-Bug (Estonian), Bug - בוג (Yiddish), Buga (Latin, Latvian), Bugas (Lithuanian), Zakhidyi Buh - Західний Буг (Ukrainian), Zakhodni Bug - Заходні Буг (Belarusian), Zapadnyi Bug - Западный Буг (Russian) |
| Buzău | Template:Flagicon | Bodza (Hungarian), Buzau (German), Buzău (Romanian) |
C
| English name | Countries | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Canche | Template:Flagicon | Canche (French, Picard), Kwinte (Old Dutch), Quantia or Cancia (Latin) |
| Cetina | Template:Flagicon | Cetina (Croatian, Bosnian), Cetina - Цетина (Serbian), Cettina (Italian), Zetina (German (archaic)) |
| Cehotina | Template:Flagicon | Ćehotina (Montenegrin, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian) |
| Charente | Template:Flagicon | Carantonus (Latin; 4th century),<ref name=Gr>J. G. Th. Graesse Orbis Latinus, 1909</ref> Charanta (Occitan), Charente (French), Kanentelos - Κανεντελος (Ancient Greek; 140 AD).<ref>Jean Marie Cassagne et Mariola Korsak, Origine des noms de villes et villages de la Charente, éditions Bordessoules, 1998, Template:P.</ref> |
| Cheptsa | Template:Flagicon | Čepca (Italian), Cheptsa - Чепца (Russian), Chupchi - Чупчи (Udmurt), Çüpçe - Чүпче (Tatar), Tcheptsa (French), Tschepza (German) |
| Cher | Template:Flagicon | Caris, Carus, Chares, Charus (Latin),<ref name=Gr/> Char (Occitan), Cher (French) |
| Chiers | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Chiers (French), Korn (German), Kuer (or Kar,Kor or Korn) (Luxembourgish) |
| Chusovaya | Template:Flagicon | Chusovaya - Чусовая (Russian, Chuvash), Čusovaja (Italian), Tchoussovaïa (French), Tschussowaja (German), Tsjoesovaja (Dutch) |
| Cinca | Template:Flagicon | Cinca (Aragonese, Catalan, Spanish), Cinga (Latin, 1st century BC),<ref>Julius Casear, Civil Wars</ref> Nahr al-Zaytun (Arabic, 9th-century),<ref>Ramon Amigó Anglès, L'Albi i els seus noms, 2001 (in Catalan)</ref> Zinca (Aragonese; old spelling?) |
| Clyde | Template:Flagicon | Chluaidh (Scottish Gaelic, Breton, Irish), Cluda or Glota (Latin),<ref name=Gr/> Clud (Welsh), Clud or Clut (medieval Cumbric), Clyde (Scots) |
| Cogâlnic | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Cogâlnic, Cunduc or Cogîlnic (Romanian), Kogelnik (German), Kogylnik - Когильник (Russian), Kohylnyk - Когильник or Kunduk - Кундук (Ukrainian) |
| Corrib | Template:Flagicon | Abhainn na Coiribe (English name translated in Irish), Galway River (Irish name translated into English), Ghaillimh (Irish) |
| Çoruh | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Acampsis, Acampseon, Acapsis (Latin),<ref>Annegret Plontke-Lüning, Acampsis in Brill's New Pauly, 2006</ref> Akampsis - Άκαμψις (Greek), Boas - Βωας (6th-century Greek),<ref>Braund, Inaishvili & Tezgor, The Akampsis - Tchorokhi - Çoruh: A Frontier and a Navigation Road, 2017</ref> Boas, Chorokh and Churuk (former English),<ref>Encyclopædia Britannica, Eleventh Edition 2:757d</ref><ref>W. Rickmer Rickmers, "Lazistan and Ajaristan", The Geographical Journal 84:6 (December, 1934), p. 466. at JSTOR</ref> Ch'orokhi - ჭოროხი (Georgian, Mingrelian), Čorox - Ճորոխ (Armenian), Çorox (Azerbaijani), Çoroxi (Zazaki), Çoruh (Turkish), Tchorokhi (French) |
| Couesnon | Template:Flagicon | Coetnum or Cossonis (Latin),<ref name=Gr/> Couesnon (French), Kouenon or C'houenon (Breton) |
| Crasna | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Crasna (Romanian), Kraszna (Hungarian) |
| Creuse | Template:Flagicon | Creuse (French), Crosa, Chrosa and Croza (8th-13th century neo-Latin)<ref>Ernest Nègre, Toponymie générale de la France, vol. 1, Librairie Droz, 1990, p. 49.</ref> Cruesa (Occitan) |
| Crişul Alb | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Bílý Kriš (Czech, Slovak), Crişul Alb (Romanian), Fehér-Körös (Hungarian), Weiße Kreisch (German) |
| Crişul Negru | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Černý Kriš (Czech), Čierny Kriš (Slovak), Crişul Negru (Romanian), Fekete-Körös (Hungarian), Schwarze Kreisch (German) |
| Crişul Repede | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Bystrý Kriš (Slovak, Czech), Crişul Repede (Romanian), Schnelle Kreisch (German), Sebes-Körös (Hungarian) |
| Crna | Template:Flagicon | Cherna - Черна (Bulgarian), Cerna (Romanian, former English), Crna - Црна (Macedonian, Serbian), Erigon (Thracian),<ref>Katičic', Radoslav. Ancient Languages of the Balkans. Paris: Mouton, 1976: 147</ref> Erigonas - Εριγώνας (Greek), Erigonus (Latin) |
D
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| English name | Countries | Other name(s) or older name(s) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dahme | Template:Flagicon | Dahme (German), Dubja or Damna (Upper Sorbian) | |
| Dalälven | Template:Flagicon | Dal River or Dalecarlia River (English), Dalälven (Swedish) | |
| Dâmbovița | Template:Flagicon | Dâmbovița or Dîmbovița (Romanian), Dymbowica (Polish), Izvoru Oticului and Oticu (Romanian; alternative for upper reaches) | |
| Danube | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Danav (Breton), Danóib (Irish), Danube (French), Danubi (Albanian, Catalan, Lombard, Occitan), Danubio (Italian, Spanish), Danúbio (Portuguese), Danuvius / Danubius (Latin; upper river),<ref name=latdanube>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> Doana (Bavarian), Dóná (Icelandic), Donaris (Dacian, upper river),<ref>Katičić, Radoslav. Ancient Languages of the Balkans, Part One. Paris: Mouton, 1976: 144.</ref> Donau (Afrikaans, Danish, Dutch, German, Indonesian, Norwegian, Swedish), Donava (Latvian, Slovene), Donaw/Donwy (Welsh), Donnä (Alemannic), Donua (Old English), Dounavis - Δούναβης (Greek), Duna (Aromanian, Hungarian), Dunaj (Czech, Polish, Slovak), Dunaja (Romani), Dunărea (Romanian), Dunav - Дунав (Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Serbian), Dunay - Дунай (Russian, Ukrainian), Dunojus (Lithuanian), Hister or Ister (Latin; lower river),<ref name=latdanube/> Istros - Ιστρος (Ancient Greek; lower river), Matoas (Thracian),<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Tonava (Finnish), Tuna (Turkish) |
| Daugava or Western Dvina | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Daugava (Latvian, Estonian, French, Italian), Daugava or Västra Dvina (Swedish), Daugava or Westelijke Dwina (Dutch), Daugova (Latgalian, Samogitian), Dauguva (Lithuanian), Duina (Spanish), Duina Occidentalis (Latin), Duína Ocidental (Portuguese), Düna (German), Dvina Thiar (Irish), Dz'vina - Дзьвіна (Belarusian), Dźwina (Polish), Ntaounkava - Νταουγκάβα or Dytikos Ntbina - Δυτικός Ντβίνα (Greek), Väina (Estonian), Väinäjoki (Finnish), Vēna (Livonian), Western Dvina (alternative English name), Zakhidna Dvina - Західна Двіна (Ukrainian), Zapadnaya Dvina - Западная Двина (Russian), Západní Dvina (Czech, Slovak) | |
| Dee, Aberdeenshire | Template:Flagicon | Abredea and Diona (Latin), Dee (Scots, Welsh), Dhè (Scottish Gaelic), Dhé (Irish) | |
| Dee, Wales | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Dea/Deia/Deva/Deya (Latin), Dyfrdwy (Welsh, Breton, Scottish Gaelic) | |
| Dender | Template:Flagicon | Dender (Dutch, West Flemish), Dendre (French), Tinre (Walloon) | |
| Desna | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Desna - Десна (Russian, Ukrainian), Deyasna - Дзясна (Belarusian), Gyeszna (Hungarian) | |
| Dinkel | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Deenkel (Low Saxon), Dinkel (Dutch, German) | |
| Dnieper | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Borysthenes (early Latin), Borysthenes - Βορυσθενης (early Ancient Greek), Dānu apara or Dānu apr (Sarmatian), Danaper (late Latin), Danapres - Δαναπρης (late Ancient Greek), Danápris(Portuguese), Dinyeper (Turkish), Dneiperos - Δνείπερος (modern Greek), Dneper (Slovene), Dnepr (Danish, Estonian, Finnish, German, Norwegian, Swedish), Dnepr - Днепр (Russian), Dněpr (Czech), Dnieper (Italian), Dniéper (Spanish), Dnièper (Catalan), Dniepr (Polish), an Dnípir (Irish), Dnipro - Дніпро or Dniper - Дніпер (Ukrainian), Dnjepar (Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian), Dnjepr (Dutch), Dnyapro - Дняпро or Dnyepr - Днепр (Belarusian), Dnyeper (Hungarian), Exi (Tatar), Nipru (Romanian), Özü (Crimean Tatar), Slavuta or Slavutych (Old East Slavic), Var (Hunnic), *Varu-stāna (Scythian) | |
| Dniester | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Dānu nazdya (Sarmatian), Dinyester (Turkish), Dnesteros - Δνειστερος (modern Greek), Dnester (Slovene), Dnestr - Днестр (Russian), Dnestr (Estonian, Finnish, Swedish), Dněstr (Czech), Dniester (Italian), Dnièster (Catalan), Dniestr (Polish), Dnister (English variant), Dnister - Дністер (Ukrainian), an Dnístir (Irish), Dnjestar (Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian), Dnjestr (Dutch, Swedish), Dnyeszter (Hungarian), Ister (Thracian), Nester (Yiddish), Nistro (Italian, Portuguese), Nistru (Romanian), Thyras - Θυρας (Ancient Greek), tūra (Scythian), Turla (Turkish), Tyras (Latin), Danastro (Portuguese) | |
| Dollart | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Doalert (Western Frisian), Dollard (Dutch, French), Dollart (German), Dollert (Low Saxon), Dullert (Low German, Saterland Frisian) | |
| Dommel | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Dommel (Dutch; Limburgish), Duthmala (Latin; 8th century) | |
| Don | Template:Flagicon | Don - Дон (Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian), Don (French, German, Spanish, etc.), Silys (Scythian),<ref>Pliny the Elder (ca. 178 AD) Naturalis Historia 6.VII</ref> Tăn - Тэн (Kabardian), Tanais (Latin),<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> Tanaïs - Τάναϊς (Ancient Greek), Tyn - Тын (Tatar) |
| Don, Aberdeenshire | Template:Flagicon | Deathan (Irish), Devona (Latin), Dheathain (Scottish Gaelic), Don (Scots) | |
| Donets | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Danets Данец (Belarusian), Donec (Italian), Donets (Dutch, French, Spanish), (Sívers'kyj) Donets Донець (Ukrainian), (Séverskij) Donets - Донец (Russian), Donez (German), Doniec (Polish), Donyec (Hungarian), Tanais Minor or Severiensis (Latin) | |
| Dora Baltea | Template:Flagicon | Deura Bàotia (Piedmontese), Djouiye (Valdôtain),<ref>djouiye at Patois Vallée d'Aoste.</ref> Doire baltée (French), Dora Baltea (Italian, Lombard), Duère Baltèa or Duère (Arpitan), Duria Bautica or Duria Maior (Latin),<ref name=Gr/> Dzouëre (Valdôtain),<ref>Jean-Baptiste Cerlogne, Dictionnaire du patois valdôtain, Aosta, Imprimerie Catholique, 1907.</ref> Jouère Baltèa or Jouère (Arpitan) | |
| Dora Riparia | Template:Flagicon | Dòira Rivaria (Piedmontese), Doire Ripaire (French), Dora Riparia (Italian), Duria minor or Duria Ripuaria (Latin) | |
| Dordogne | Template:Flagicon | Dordogna (Breton, Italian), Dordogne (French), Dordoina (Basque), Dordoña (Spanish), Dordonha (Occitan, Portuguese), Dordonya (Catalan), Ḏornton - Ντορντόν (modern Greek), Duranius (Latin)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
| Dospat | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Despatis/Despotis - Δεσπάτης/Δεσπότης (Greek), Dospat/Dospat dere - Доспат/Доспат дере (Bulgarian), Rata - Рата (alternative Bulgarian), Sura (Thracian) | |
| Doubs | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Doubes - Δουβης (Ancient Greek), Doubs (Alemannisch, French), Dub (German), Dubis (Latin),<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> Dubs (Franco-Provençal) |
| Douro | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Douro (Galician, Mirandese, Portuguese, French), Duero (Aragonese, Asturian, Spanish, German, Italian), Durius (Latin)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
| Drac | Template:Flagicon | Drac (French, Occitan), Dracum and Dravus (Neo-Latin, 11th-13th century), Drau (Occitan, 16th-18th century) | |
| Drammenselva | Template:Flagicon | Drammen River (English variant), Drammenselva (Norwegian), Drammenselven (Danish | |
| Drava or Drave | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Drau (German), Draus (Latin),<ref>Pliny the Elder (78 AD) Naturalis Historia 3.147.1</ref> Drava (Bosnian, Croatian, Italian, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene), Dráva (Czech, Hungarian), Drave (German; rarely), Dravus (Latin),<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> Drawa (Polish) |
| Drin | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> Drim - Дрим (Macedonian, Serbian), Drin (French, German, Italian, Turkish), Drini (Albanian) |
| Drina | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Dreinos - Δρεινος (Ancient Greek), Drina (Bosnian, Albanian, Hungarian, Italian, etc.), Drina - Дрина (Serbian, Macedonian), Drinos - Δρινος (Greek), Drinus (Latin), | |
| Drôme | Template:Flagicon | Droma (Occitan, Breton, Catalan, Early Modern Spanish), Drôme (French) | |
| Drut | Template:Flagicon | Drout (French), Druc (Czech), Drut’ - Друть (Russian, Ukrainian), Druts or Druć - Друць (Belarusian) | |
| Drwęca | Template:Flagicon | Drewenz (German), Druvinčia (Lithuanian), Drvenca (Latvian), Drventsa - Дрвенца (Ukrainian), Drwęca (Polish) | |
| Dunajec | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Dohnst (German; archaic), Dunajec (Polish, Slovak), Dunajez or Dunajetz (German) | |
| Durance | Template:Flagicon | Drouentia - Δrουεντια (Ancient Greek),<ref>Strabo, ca. 10 AD, Geography 4.1.3</ref> Druentia (Latin),<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> Druenza (Italian, former), Durance (French, Piedmontese), Duranza (Spanish variant), Durença (Occitan) |
| Dvina, Northern | Template:Flagicon | (Northern) Dvina (French, Norwegian, etc.), (Northern) Dwina (German, Polish), Paŭnočnaia Dzvina - Паўночная Дзвіна (Belarusian), Pivnichna Dvina - Північна Двіна (Ukrainian), Severnaya Dvina - Северная Двина (Russian), Vienanjoki (Finnish), Výnva - Вынва (Komi) | |
| Dyle | Template:Flagicon | Dijle (Dutch, German, Luxembourgish), Dyle (French), Tîle (Walloon) | |
| Dyoma | Template:Flagicon | Dim - Дим (Bashkir, Tatar), Dioma (French, Italian), Djoma (German), Dyoma - Дёма (Russian), Kugiz̦el - Күгиҙел (Baskir alternative) | |
| Dysna | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Disna - Дисна (Russian), Dysna (Lithuanian), Dzisna - Дзісна (Belarusian) |
E
| English name | Countries | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Ebro | Template:Flagicon | Eabró (Irish), Ebre (Catalan), Èbre (French), Ebro (Spanish, Basque, Finnish, Galician, German, Hungarian, Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Swedish), Ebru (Romanian), Evros - Έβρος (modern Greek), Hiber - Ἴβηρ (Ancient Greek), Hiberus, Iberus or Oleum Flumen (Latin) |
| Eder | Template:Flagicon | Adarna, Aderna or Adrina (Neo-Latin), Adrana (Latin), Edder (Hessian), Eder (German) |
| Eider | Template:Flagicon | Aider (Low Saxon), Egdor or Egdore (Latin), Egða (Icelandic), Eider (German, Dutch, Northern Frisian), Ejderen (Danish) |
| Eisack | Template:Flagicon | Eisack (German), Eisock (Tyrolean/Bavarian), Isarcho (Ladin), Isarchos - Ισαρχος (Ancient Greek), Isarci (Rhaetian), Isarco (Italian), Isarcus, Hisarcus or Isarus (Latin) |
| Elbe | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Albis (Latin), Ælf (Old English), an Eilbe (Irish), Elba (Catalan, Croatian, Hungarian, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish), El'ba - Эльба (Russian), Elbas - Έλβας (Greek), Elbe (German, Dutch, Finnish, Swedish, Turkish), Elben (Danish, Norwegian), Elv (Low German), Elve (Low Saxon), Ialew (Northern Frisian), Laba (Croatian, Serbian, Slovene), Łaba (Polish, Silesian), Labe (Czech, Slovak), Łobjo (Lower Sorbian, Upper Sorbian) |
| Elde | Template:Flagicon | Elde (German), Łada (historic Polish), Reecke (German; middle region) |
| Emajõgi | Template:Flagicon | Emajegi (Latvian), Emajegis (Lithuanian), Emajõgi (English, Estonian, Swedish), Emajõgi - Эмайыги (Russian), Emajoki (Finnish), Embach (German), Imäjõgi (Võro), Mētra (Latvian), Omovzha - Омовжа (Russian), Suur Emajõgi (Estonian) |
| Ems | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Amisia or Amisus (Latin), Amisos - Αμισος (Greek and Ancient Greek), Eems (Dutch, Low German, Low Saxon), Ems (German), Emže (Czech), Iems (Western Frisian), Oamse (Saterland Frisian) |
| Emscher | Template:Flagicon | Amsara (Latin), Emscher (German), Iämscher (Low German) |
| Enguri | Template:Flagicon | Egry - Егры (Abkhaz), Enguri - ენგური (Georgian), Ēnguri - Էնգուրի (Armenian), Ingirc̣q̇ari - ინგირწყარი or Ingiri - ინგირი (Mingrelian), Ingouri (French), Inguri - Ингури (Russian), İnquri (Azerbaijani) |
| Enns | Template:Flagicon | Anisus (Greek and Latin), Aniža (Slovene), Enns (Austro-Bavarian, German, Hungarian), Enža (Slovak), Enže (Czech) |
| Erne | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Éirne (Irish, Manx), Erne (English, Welsh) |
| Esla | Template:Flagicon | Aisela or Astura (Latin), Esla (Asturian, Galician, Spanish) |
| Eure | Template:Flagicon | Autura or Ebura (Latin), Eure (French) |
| Eurotas | Template:Flagicon | Basilipotamόs - Βασιλιποταμός (medieval name), Bomycas (earlier ancient Greek), Eurota (Italian), Eurotas (French, Latin, Spanish), Eurṓtas - Εὐρώτας (Greek), Evrotas (alternative English, German), Ewrotas (Polish), Himeras (earlier ancient Greek), Iri or Iris - Ίρις (medieval name for lower course), |
| Exe | Template:Flagicon | Esk (Cornish), Isca (Latin), Wysg (Welsh) |
F
| English name | Countries | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Template:Interlanguage link | Template:Flagicon | Bela (Slovene), Bělá (Czech), Fela (Venetian), Fele (Friulian), Fella (German, Hungarian, Italian) |
| Fiora | Template:Flagicon | Armenta, Armine or Armino (Latin, old Italian until 13th century), Fiora (Italian) |
| Foglia | Template:Flagicon | Foglia (Italian), Isaurus or Pisaurus (Latin) |
| Forth | Template:Flagicon | Abhainn Dubh, Abhainn Foirthe (Scottish Gaelic), Bodotria (Latin; Firth of Forth), Afon Gweryd (Welsh), Uisge For (lower part; Irish, Scottish Gaelic) |
| Foyle | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Feabhal (Irish), Foyle (English) |
| Fulda | Template:Flagicon | Fulda (German), Fuldaha (Latin), Gersfelder Wasser (German; upper regions) |
| Fyris River | Template:Flagicon | Sala River (Swedish) |
G
| English name | Countries | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Gail | Template:Flagicon | Cellia (medieval Latin (800 AD)) Gail (German, French, Italian), Geile (alternative German), Gila (medieval Latin (1090 AD)), Lica(s) or Licus (ancient Latin), Zeglia (former Italian), Zeie (Friulian), Zilja (Slovene) |
| Gardon | Template:Flagicon | Gard or Gardon (French, Occitan), Vardo (Latin) |
| Garigliano | Template:Flagicon | Gari-Lirano (historic Italian), Garigliano (Italian), Gariglianu (Sicilian), Liris, Caris lirianus and Clanis (Latin) |
| Garonne | Template:Flagicon | Garona (Aranese, Basque, Occitan, Breton, Catalan, Croatian, Portuguese, Russian, Serbian, Spanish), Garonna (Italian, Polish), Garonne (French, Dutch, Finnish, German), Garounas - Γαρούνας (Greek), Garumna or Garunna (Latin) |
| Gauja | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Gauja (Latvian, Finnish, French, Lithuanian), Gauya - Гауя (Russian), Koiva (Estonian, Võro), Livländische Aa (German) |
| Gave de Pau | Template:Flagicon | Gave de Pau (French, Occitan), Paueko uhaitza (Basque) |
| Genil | Template:Flagicon | Genil (Spanish), Guad al-Xenil (later Arabic), Singilis (Latin), Sinyil / Sannil (early Arabic) |
| Gers | Template:Flagicon | Ægirtius, Egircius, Gircius (Latin, 6th century), Gers (French, Occitan), Gersio (Latin; 817), Iercius (Latin, 13th century) |
| Geul | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Geul (Dutch, Limburgish), Göhl (German), Gueule (French) |
| Gironde | Template:Flagicon | Gironda (Catalan, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Gironde (French, Finnish), Zhironda - Жиронда (Russian), Zhyronda - Жыронда, Жиронда (Belarusian, Ukrainian), Žironda (Serbian), Żyronda (Polish) |
| Glâne | Template:Flagicon | Glâne (French), Glane (German) |
| Glomma | Template:Flagicon | Glåma (Norwegian local), Glaumr (Old Norse), Glomma (Norwegian, Swedish) |
| Göta älv | Template:Flagicon | Gautelfr (Old Norse), Gautelfur (Icelandic), Gøtelv (Norwegian variant), Göta älv (Swedish, Norwegian) |
| Guadalete | Template:Flagicon | Kriso - Κρισω and subsequently Lethe - Λήθη (Ancient Greek), Guadalete (Spanish), Guadaletho (Andalusian), Wādi Lakkah {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} (Arabic) |
| Guadalquivir | Template:Flagicon | lang}} (Arabic) |
| Guadiana | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Flumen Anas (Latin), Guadiana (Catalan, French, Hungarian, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Gwadiana (Polish), Oudiana or Odiana (Medieval Spanish), Wadi Ana (Arabic) |
| Gudenå | Template:Flagicon | River Guden (alternative English), Gudenå or Gudenåen (Danish) |
| Gurk | Template:Flagicon | Gurk (German, French, Hungarian, Italian, Serbo-Croatian), Krka (Slovenian) |
| Gwda | Template:Flagicon | Gwda (Polish, Czech), Küdde (German, Swedish) |
H
| English name | Countries | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Haine | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Haine (French), Hene (Dutch), Henne (German) |
| Haliacmon | Template:Flagicon | Aliacmone (Italian), Aliakmon (French), Aliakmonas (German), Aliákmonas - Αλιάκμονας (modern Greek), Astraeus (possible Latin for upper river), Bistrica - Бистрица (Bulgarian, Macedonian), Haliacmon (Latin), Haliacmón (Spanish), Haliákmōn - Ἁλιάκμων (ancient Greek), Ince-Karasu or Inje-Kara (Ottoman Turkish), Vistritsa, Vistritza or Vistriza (former English, German) |
| Hase | Template:Flagicon | Chasu (Latin), Haase (former German spelling), Hase (German, Low Saxon) |
| Havel | Template:Flagicon | Habala / Habola / Havila (Latin), Habola (Sorbian), Hafelis (Lithuanian), Havel (German, French, Italian, Spanish), Havola (Czech), Hawela (Polish) |
| Hérault | Template:Flagicon | Arauris or Araura (Latin), Erau or Eraur (Occitan, Catalan), Erauus (Neo-Latin), Ero - Эро (Cyrillic transliteration), Hérault (French) |
| Hornád | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Gornad - Горнад (Russian, Ukrainian), Hernach (German), Hernád (Hungarian), Hornad (Polish), Hornád (Slovak, Czech, Romanian), Kundert (rare German variant) |
| Horyn | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Goryn’ - Горынь (Russian), Haryn’ - Гарынь (Belarusian), Horin (Yiddish), Horyn’ - Горинь (Ukrainian), Horyń (Polish), Horyň (Czech) |
| Hron | Template:Flagicon | Garam (Hungarian), Gran (German), Gron - Грон (Belarusian, Russian, Ukrainian), Hron (Slovak, Czech) |
I
| English name | Countries | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Ialomița | Template:Flagicon | Helibacia (Latin), Ialomița (Romanian), Jalomica or Ilonca (Hungarian), Jałomica (Polish), Naparis (Latin) |
| Ibar | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Ibar - Ибар (Serbian), Angrus (Latin), Ibar (Croatian), Ibër or Ibri (Albanian), İbre (Turkish) |
| Idrijca | Template:Flagicon | Fetschenbach (German), Idria (Italian), Idrijca (Slovenian, Croatian) |
| Iijoki | Template:Flagicon | Iijoki (Finnish), Ijo älv (Swedish) |
| IJssel | Template:Flagicon | Iessel (Low Saxon), IJssel (Dutch), Isala (Latin), Isel (West Frisian), Issel or Ijssel (German), Yssel (French) |
| Ik | Template:Flagicon | Ik - Ик (Russian), Iq - Ык (Tatar), Yq - Ыҡ (Bashkir) |
| Ilek | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Elek/Елік - Елек/Елік (Kazakh), Ilek - Илек (Russian) |
| Ill | Template:Flagicon | Helella (Latin), Ill (Alemannic, French, German) |
| Iller | Template:Flagicon | Hilara, Hilaria, and Ilargus (Latin), Iller (German) |
| Indalsälven | Template:Flagicon | Indalinjoki (Finnish), Indalsälven, Jämtlandsälven, Litsälven, and Storsjöälven (alternative Swedish names) |
| Indre | Template:Flagicon | Andra, Anger, Endria or Inger (Latin), Endre (Occitan), Indre (French) |
| Inhul | Template:Flagicon | Ingul - Ингул (Russian), Inhul - Інгул (Ukrainian), Panticapes - Παντικάπης (Ancient Greek)? |
| Inhulets | Template:Flagicon | Ingulec (Polish), Ingulets - Ингуле́ц (Russian), Inhulets’ - Інгулець (Ukrainian), Inhulez (German), Hypakyris (Ancient Greek)? |
| Inn | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Aenus (Latin), Ainos - Αινος (Ancient Greek), En (Romansh), Eno (Italian), Enus or Oenus (Medieval Latin), Inn (Austro-Bavarian, German) |
| Iori | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Ioræ - Иорæ (Ossetic), Iori - იორი (Georgian), Iori - Иори (Russian), Kamyech - Կամբեճ(Armenian), Qabırlı (Azerbaijani), Qarbi - Къарби (Tsakhur) |
| Ipel/Ipoly | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Eipel (German), Ipeľ (Slovak, Czech), Ipola (Polish), Ipoly (Hungarian), Jupol (archaic Slovak) |
| Isar | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Isar (German), Isara (Latin), Izar - Изар (Russian), Izara (Polish) |
| Isère | Template:Flagicon | Isara (Latin), Isèra (Occitan, Catalan), Isère (French), Izera (Polish) |
| Iskar | Template:Flagicon | Iskar - Искър (Bulgarian), Iskăr (Romanian), İskar (Turkish), Oescus/Escus (Latin), Oiskos - Οἶσκος or Skios - Σκίος(Ancient Greek) |
| Isle | Template:Flagicon | Eila (Occitan), Ella (Latin), Isle (French) |
| Isonzo | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Aesontius / Sontius (Latin), Aipsōntios - Αιψωντιος (Ancient Greek), Isonz (Lombard), Isonzo (Italian, French, German, Spanish), Isonzó (Hungarian), Lisonz (Venetian), Lusinç or Lisunç (Friulian), Soča (Slovene, Croatian, Czech), Sontig (historic German) |
| Izhma | Template:Flagicon | Ijma (French), Ischma(German), Izhma - И́жма (Russian), Ižma (alternative transliteration), Iźva - Изьва (Komi, Komi-Permyak) |
J
| English name | Countries | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Jalón | Template:Flagicon | Jalón (Spanish), Salo (Latin), Xalón or Exalón (Aragonese) |
| Jarama | Template:Flagicon | Jarama (Spanish), Xarama (Latin) |
| Jeker | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Geer (French), Jeker (Dutch, German, Limburgish), Neker or Eker (Maastricht dialect of Limburgish) |
| Jiu | Template:Flagicon | Jiu (Romanian), Rabon (Latin), Schil or Schiel (German), Zsil (Hungarian) |
| Jizera | Template:Flagicon | Iser (German), Izera (Polish, Jizera (Czech, Slovak, Upper Sorbian) |
| Júcar | Template:Flagicon | Júcar (Spanish), Sucro (Latin), Xúcar (Aragonese, Galician), Xúquer (Catalan, Valencian) |
K
| English name | Countries | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Kalix | Template:Flagicon | Gáláseatnu (Northern Sami), Kaalasväylä and Kaihnuunväylä (Meänkieli), Kalix älv or Kalixälven (Swedish, Norwegian), Kalixjoki (Finnish), Kölisälva (Kalix dialect) |
| Kama | Template:Flagicon | Cama or Kama (Latin), Čolman - Чолман (Mari), Çulman - Чулман (Chuvash, Tatar), Kam - Кам (Udmurt), Kama - Кама (Komi, Russian), Şolman - Шолман (Kazakh) |
| Kamchiya | Template:Flagicon | Kamchiya or Kamčija - Камчия (Bulgarian), Kamcia or Camcia (Romanian), Panisos - Πανισος (Ancient Greek), Ticha (Old Slavic) |
| Kem | Template:Flagicon | Kem - Кемь (Russian), Kemijogi (Karelian), Kemijoki (Finnish) |
| Kemijoki | Template:Flagicon | Giemajohka (Northern Sami), Kemi älv (Swedish), Kemijoki (Finnish) |
| Khopyor | Template:Flagicon | Chopër (Italian), Chopjor (German), Jopior (Spanish), Khoper / Khopior (French), Khopra - Хопра (Mocksha), Khopyor / Khoper - Хопёр (Russian) |
| Klarälven | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Clarus (Latin), Klara/Klaraelva (former Norwegian), Klarälven (Swedish), Trysilelva (Norwegian) |
| Klyazma | Template:Flagicon | Clesma (Latin), Klaźma (Polish), Kliazma (French, Spanish), Kljasma (German), Kljazma (Czech, Dutch, Finnish, Italian), Klyaz'ma - Клязьма (Russian), Kľazma (Slovak), Malye Podbortsy - Малые Подборцы (Bashkir) |
| Kodori | Template:Flagicon | Kodor - Кодор (Russian), Kodori - კოდორი (Georgian), Kwydry - Кәыдры (Abkhaz) |
| Kokemäenjoki | Template:Flagicon | Kokemäenjoki (Finnish), Kumo älv (Swedish) |
| Körös | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Criş (Romanian), Crisius (or Grisia, Gerasus) (Latin), Keresz (Polish), Körös (Hungarian), Kreisch (German), Kriš (Bosnian, Croatian, Czech, Serbian, Slovak), |
| Kostroma | Template:Flagicon | Kastrama - Кастрама (Belarusian), Kostrom (Veps), Kostroma - Кострома́ (Russian), |
| Kovda | Template:Flagicon | Koundaälven (Swedish), Koutajoki (Finnish, Karelian), Kovda - Ковда (Russian) |
| Krka | Template:Flagicon | Corcoras (Latin), Korka - Κόρκα (modern Greek), Korkoras - Κορκόρας (ancient Greek), Krainer Gurk (German), Krka (Bosnian, Croatian, Czech, French, Serbian, Slovene) |
| Krka | Template:Flagicon | Cherca (Italian), Corcoras or Titius (Latin), Katarbates - Καταρβάτης (ancient Greek; perhaps), Kerka (Hungarian), Krka (Bosnian, Croatian, Czech, Serbian, Slovene), Korkoras - Κορκορας (Ancient Greek), |
| Kuban | Template:Flagicon | Hypanis (Latin), Hypanis - Ύπανις (ancient Greek), Kouban or Koubane (French), Kuban - Куба́нь (Russian), Psyzh" - Псыжъ (Circassian), Qoban - Кобан (Karachay–Balkar, Nogai), Q̇vbina - Къвбина (Abaza), |
| Kupa | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Colapis or Calapius (Latin), Kolpa (Slovene), Kulpa (German, Hungarian), Kupa (Croatian, Bosnian), Kupa - Купа (Serbian) |
| Kura | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Cyrus, Cyrrhus or Corius (ancient Latin), Gur - Կուր (Armenian), Khuar - Къуар (Ossetic), Koera (Dutch), Kor - Кор (Avar), Koura (French), Kür (Azerbaijani), Kura (Turkish, Italian, Spanish), Kura - Кура (Russian), Kyros - Κῦρος (ancient Greek), Mt'k'vari - მტკვარი (Georgian, Mingrelian), Mtkvari (alternative name in Western European languages)) |
| Kymi | Template:Flagicon | Kymi or Kymijoki (Finnish), Kymmene (Swedish) |
L
| English name | Countries | Other name(s) or older name(s) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Laba | Template:Flagicon | Laba - Лаба (Russian), Labæ - Лабæ (Ossetian), Labez̄ - Лабэжъ (Adyghe, Kabardian) | ||
| Laborec | Template:Flagicon | Laborc (Hungarian), Laborec (Slovak), Laborets - Лаборець (Ukrainian), Labortz or Laborz (German; less common variants) | ||
| Laga | Template:Flagicon | Lafuan (17th-century Neo-Latin),<ref>"Lagan" in Nationalencyklopedin multimedia plus, 2000</ref> Lagan (Swedish) | ||
| Lahn | Template:Flagicon | Lahn (German), Laugana or Loganus (Latin) | ||
| Lambro | Template:Flagicon | Lamber or Lambar (Lombard), Lambro (Italian), Lambrus or Labarus (Latin)<ref name=Gr/> | ||
| Latorica | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Latorca (Hungarian), Latorica (Slovak), Latoritsa - Латорица (Russian), Latorytsia - Латориця (Ukrainian) | ||
| Lech | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Lech (German, Bavarian), Lica, Licca, or Licus (Latin; between 500 and 1100),<ref name=Gr/> Likios or Likias - Λικιας (Greek; 2nd century)<ref>Wolf-Armin Frhr. v. Reitzenstein: Lexikon bayerischer Ortsnamen. Herkunft und Bedeutung. C.H.Beck, München 2006, Template:ISBN, page 152</ref> | ||
| Lee | Template:Flagicon | An Laoi (Irish) | ||
| Leine | Template:Flagicon | Laginga, Lainegha and Lagina (Old Saxon or Neo-Latin; 10th-11th century),<ref>Ernst Förstemann: Altdeutsches Namenbuch, Bd. 2: Ortsnamen. Nordhausen 1859. S. 889.</ref> Leine (German) | ||
| Leitha | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Lajta (Hungarian), Leita (Italian, Spanish), Leitha (German, French, Slovenian), Lîtaha (Old High German),<ref>Walter Steinhauser: Der Name der Leitha und die Hunnenschlacht am Nedao. In: Jahrbuch für Landeskunde von Niederösterreich. NF 36, Bd. 2, Wien 1964</ref> Litava (Croatian, Czech, Slovak), Litawa (Polish), Sárviz or Sár (former Hungarian) | ||
| Lek | Template:Flagicon | Lek (Dutch), Lokkia, Lokkiam and Loccham (Old Dutch and/or Neo-Latin; 8th-10th century)<ref>L. Toorians (2005), De etymologie van Dorestat, p. 49, Jaarboek Oud-Utrecht 2005, Template:ISBN</ref> | ||
| Lielupe | Template:Flagicon | Kurländische Aa (German), Lėilopė (Samogitian), Lelupa (Polish), Lielupe (Latvian, French, Russian, Swedish), Lielupė (Lithuanian) | ||
| Liffey | Template:Flagicon | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> Life (Irish, Breton, Scottish Gaelic, Welsh), Ruirthech (Irish; pre-19th century)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |
CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
| Lim | Template:Flagicon | Limnos (Greek), Limus (Latin), Lim (Montenegrin, Serbian) | ||
| Limmat | Template:Flagicon | Limet (Alemannic), Limig (German; archaic), Limmat (German, Romansh), Limmig (Aargau dialect), Lindimacus and Lindimagus (Latin; 8th-9th century), Lindmagt/Lindmat (German; 15th-16th century),<ref>Albrecht Greule: Vor- und frühgermanische Flussnamen am Oberrhein. Ein Beitrag zur Gewässernamengebung des Elsass, der Nordschweiz und Südbadens. Winter, Heidelberg 1973, pp. 129–132.</ref> Linth (German; upper course) | ||
| Lippe | Template:Flagicon | Lippe (German), Lupia, Lippa, Libia (Latin)<ref name=Gr/> | ||
| Livenza | Template:Flagicon | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> Liquentia, Liguencia or Liquetia (Latin),<ref name=Gr/> Livence (Friulian), Łivensa (Venetian), Livenza (Italian) | |
| Ljubljanica | Template:Flagicon | Laibach (German), Ljubljanica (Slovene, Croatian), Ľubľanica (Slovak), Lublaňka or Lublanice (Czech), Lunghezza or Lubianizza (Italian), Nauportus - Ναύπορτος (Latin/Ancient Greek; 1st-century) | ||
| Ljungan | Template:Flagicon | Jångna or Aoa (Jamtlandic),<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Ljungan (Swedish), Ognar (Old Swedish; 15th century)<ref name=wahl>Wahlberg, Mats (2003): Svenskt ortnamnslexikon. Uppsala: Språk- och Folkminnesinst.</ref> | ||
| Ljusnan | Template:Flagicon | Ljusnan (Swedish), Lusn (Old Swedish; 14th century)<ref name=wahl/> | ||
| Loir | Template:Flagicon | Ledus (Latin; 616 AD),<ref>Dictionnaire Topographique de la Sarthe, p. 137</ref> Lez (Breton), Lidericus or Lœdus (Neo-Latin), Loir (French) | ||
| Loire | Template:Flagicon | Léger, Leir or Leire (Occitan), Leira (Icelandic), Lêre (Arpitan), Liger (Breton, German (archaic)), Liger (Latin), Ligiras - Λίγηρας (Greek), Ligore (Old English), Loara (Bosnian, Polish, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene), Loira (Basque, Catalan, Czech, Italian, Slovak, Spanish), Lòira (Piedmontese), Loire (French, Danish, Dutch, Hungarian, Spanish), Luara (Lithuanian), Luara - Луара (Russian, Ukrainian) | ||
| Lot | Template:Flagicon | Lot (French), Olt (former French), Òlt (Occitan, Catalan), Oltis (Latin; Roman time),<ref name=peuples>Fabien Régnier, Jean-Pierre Drouin, Les peuples fondateurs à l'origine de la Gaule, édition Yoran Embanner, 2014, page 818,Template:ISBN</ref> Out (Occitan; variant and 13th century), Ulda and Ulta (Latin; 6th-7th century)<ref name=peuples/> | ||
| Lovat | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Lovać - Ловаць (Belarusian), Lovat' - Ловать (Russian), Lovot - Ловоть (Old East Slavic)<ref name=peust/> | ||
| Luga | Template:Flagicon | Lauga jõgi (Estonian), Laugaz or Laukaa (Votic), Laukaa or Laukaanjoki (Finnish), Loukka (Ingrian), Luga - Луга (Russian) | ||
| Lule | Template:Flagicon | Julevädno or Lulejuädno (Lule Sami),<ref>Språktidningen 2008/2: Älvar på samiska]</ref><ref name=peust>Carsten Peust, How Old Are the River Names of Europe? A Glottochronological Approach, Linguistik Online, 2015</ref> Lule älv or Luleälven (Swedish, Norwegian), Luulajanjoki (Finnish) | ||
| Luza | Template:Flagicon | Luz - Луз (Komi), Luza - Луза (Russian) | ||
| Lužnice | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Lainsitz (German), Luschnitz (German, pre-1918 for Bohemian part), Lužnice (Czech) | ||
| Łyna | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Alle (German, French), Alna (Lithuanian, Old Prussian (13th century)), Lava - Лава (Russian), Lina (Latvian), Łyna (Polish) | ||
| Lys | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Legia (Latin; 7th-century),<ref>Explanation at Legia Template:Webarchive, an Iron Age study group named after the river</ref> Leie (Dutch, West Flemish, German), Lys (French) |
M
| English name | Countries | Other name(s) or older name(s) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Main | Template:Flagicon | Main (German, Bavarian, Dutch, French), Maina (Latvian),<ref name=baltic>Baltic languages add declensions to and change the spelling of foreign proper nouns to suit grammatical and phonetic requirements and therefore nearly always appear to name rivers differently.</ref> Mainas (Lithuanian),<ref name=baltic/> Majna (Hungarian, Serbian), Mayn - Майн (Russian, Ukrainian), Mein (alternative spelling in French), Men (Polish, Piedmontese), Mèn (Lombard), Meno (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Moa (Bavarian variant), Moenis<ref>Pomponius Mela, 3,30: De Chorographia 3,30 amnium in alias gentes exeuntium Danuvius et Rhodanus, in Rhenum Moenis et Lupia, in oceanum Amissis, Visurgis et Albis clarissimi</ref> or Moenus (Latin, 1st century), Mohan (Czech, Slovak, Sorbian) | |
| Malka | Template:Flagicon | Bałqyps - Балъкъыпс (Kabardian), Balyksu - Балыксу (Russian, from Karachay-Balkar), Balyq - Балыкъ (Karachay-Balkar), Malka - მალკა (Georgian), Malka - Малка (Russian), Malq - (Ossetian) | |
| Maritsa | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Ebros (Thracian),<ref name=georg>Template:Cite book</ref> Euros - Εύρος (Ancient Greek, used by Alcman c. 600 BC),<ref name=georg/> Hebros or Evros - Έβρος (Ancient and Modern Greek), Hebrus (Latin), Marica or Evros (Italian), Marica (Croatian, Czech, Hungarian, Polish), Marița (Romanian), Maritsa - Марица (Bulgarian, Macedonian, Serbian), Mariza (German), Meriç (Turkish) | |
| Marne | Template:Flagicon | Marna (Czech, Italian, Occitan, Polish, Romanian), Marne (Dutch, French, German, Spanish), Matrona (Latin) | |
| Medveditsa (Don) | Template:Flagicon | Medveditsa - Медведица (Russian), Medwediza (German), Miadzviedzitsa - Мядзведзіца (Belarusian), Miedwiedica (Polish), Vedmeditsa - Ведмедиця (Ukrainian) | |
| Mersey | Template:Flagicon | Mærse (Old English; 1002 AD),<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Mersey (Irish), Merswy or Mersi (Welsh), Seteia (Latin; estuary) | |
| Mezha | Template:Flagicon | Meja (French), Mescha (German), Meža (Estonian, Lithuanian), Mezha - Межа (Russian), Mieża (Polish) | |
| Meuse | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> Maas (Dutch, Danish, Frisian, German, Hungarian, Low Saxon, Swedish), Maas - Маас (Russian), Maes (Zeelandic), Maos (Limburgish), Mása (Slovak), Máza (Czech), Mesa - Меза (Macedonian), Meuse (French, Picard, Romanian), Moas (West Flemish), Mosa (Latin, Italian, Occitan, Portuguese, Spanish), Mouze (Walloon), Moza (Polish) |
| Mezen | Template:Flagicon | Mesen (German), Mezen (French), Mezen' - Мезень (Russian), Mozyn - Мозын (Komi) | |
| Midouze | Template:Flagicon | Midosa (Catalan, Occitan), Midouze (Basque, French) | |
| Mincio | Template:Flagicon | Mens (Lombard), Menzo (Venetian), Minchios - Μίγχιος (Ancient Greek), Mincio (Italian), Mincius (Latin) | |
| Minho | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Minho (Portuguese, French, Mirandese), Minius (Latin),<ref name=rpar/> Miño (Galician, Spanish, Catalan, German, Italian) | |
| Moksha | Template:Flagicon | Ĭov - Йов (locally in Moksha), Măkshǎ - Мӑкшӑ (Chuvash), Moksha - Мокша (Moksha, Russian), Moksho - Мокшо (Mari), Mükşı - Мукшы (Tatar) | |
| Moldova | Template:Flagicon | Moldau (German), Moldavia (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Mołdawa (Polish), Moldova (Romanian, French), Mulduha and Mulduva (16th-century Romanian)<ref>Dragoş Moldovanu, Etimologia Hidronimului Moldova, Editura Academiei 1981-82 (in Romanian) Andrei Brezianu, Vlad Spânu, The A to Z of Moldova, Scarecrow Press, 2010, p. 240</ref> | |
| Molochna | Template:Flagicon | Gerros - Γέρρος (Ancient Greek),<ref>Gerros (river) at pleaiades.stoa.org</ref> Gerrus (Latin), Molochna - Молочна (Ukrainian), Molochnaya - Молочная (Russian), Molotchna (French), Molotschna (German), Tokmachka - Токмачка (Ukrainian; upper part) | |
| Mondego | Template:Flagicon | Mondego (Portuguese, Asturian, Galician, Spanish), Mundas (Latin),<ref name=rpar>Brian Campbell, Rivers and the Power of Ancient Rome, Appendix 2: Navigable Rivers according to Ancient Authors, pp 405-10, UNC Press Books, 2012</ref> Mundego (Mirandese) | |
| Morača | Template:Flagicon | Morača - Морача (Montenegrin, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian), Moraça (Albanian), Oriundus? (Latin)<ref>The only mention appears by Livius, who gave this name to the river formed by the confluence of the Barbana (=Bojana) and Clausula (the arm of the Drin joining Bojana). See, for example, Barbana in William Smith's Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography.</ref> | |
| Morava (Moravia) | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Maraha (Latin, 9th-11th century),<ref>Annals of Fulda [1]</ref><ref>Albrecht Greule, Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch, Walter de Gruyter, 2014, page 338</ref> March (German), Marus (Latin), Morava (Czech, Slovak, French, Italian, Latin, Romanian, Slovene), Morawa (Polish), Morva (Hungarian) | |
| (Great) Morava (Serbia) | Template:Flagicon | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> Margus (Latin),<ref name=morava/> (Velika) Morava - (Велика) Морава (Serbian, Bulgarian), (Golema) Morava - (Голема) Морава (Macedonian), Morava (Albanian, Bosnian, Croatian, Hungarian, Romanian, Slovene), Morawa (Polish) |
| South Morava | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Brongos - Βρόγγος (Ancient Greek),<ref name=heromora>Herodotus, The Histories, 4.49</ref> Balgarska Morava - Българска Морава (former Bulgarian), Bulgarian Morava (former English), Južna Morava - Јужна Морава (Macedonian, Serbian) | |
| West Morava | Template:Flagicon | Angros - Ανγρος (Ancient Greek),<ref name=heromora/> Zapadna Morava - Западна Морава (Serbian, Bosnian) | |
| Moselle | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Moezel (Dutch), Mosel (Alsatian, German, Hungarian, Ripuarian, Romanian, Swedish), Mosela (Czech, Portuguese, Spanish), Mosella (Italian, Latin), Mosel·la (Catalan), Moselle (French), Mosl (Bavarian), Mozel’ - Мозель (Russian), Mozela (Polish), Musalla (Latin),<ref>Musalla on the Tabula Peutingeriana</ref> Musel (Luxembourgish) | |
| Moskva | Template:Flagicon | Mäskäü - Мәскәү (Tatar), Maskva - Масква (Belarusian), Moscou (Portuguese), Moscova (Spanish), Moscus or Moscua (Neo-Latin), Moskau (German alternate), Mosko - Моско (Mari), Moskova (French, Turkish), Moskuba - Москуба (Yakut), Moskva - Москва (Russian, Ukrainian), Moskva (Dutch, Finnish), Moskwa (German, Polish), Muskav - Мускав (Chuvash) | |
| Msta | Template:Flagicon | Msta - Мста (Russian), Mstanjogi (Veps), Mustajoki (historically Finnish & Estonian) | |
| Mulde | Template:Flagicon | Milda (Latin, 10th century),<ref name=dg363>Albrecht Greule, Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch, Walter de Gruyter, 2014, page 363</ref><ref name=ferg>Robert Ferguson, The River-Names of Europe, Williams & Norgate, 1862</ref> Módła (Lower Sorbian), Modłej (Upper Sorbian), Mulda (Czech, Polish) | |
| Mur | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Muora (Latin, 10th century),<ref name=dg363/> Mur (German, Dutch, French, Romanian), Mura (Bosnian, Croatian, Czech, Hungarian, Italian, Serbian, Slovene), Müra or Möra (Prekmurje Slovene)<ref>Novak, Vilko. 2006. Slovar stare knjižne prekmurščine. Ljubljana: ZRC SAZU, pp. 262, 269.</ref> | |
| Mureş | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> Marisus (Latin), Maros (Hungarian), Marosh - Марош (Russian), Maroš or Maruše (Czech), Marusza (Polish), Mieresch or Marosch (German), Moriš (Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian), Mureş (Romanian), Mureš (Slovak) |
N
| English name | Countries | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Naab | Template:Flagicon | Naab (German, French, Polish), Nába (Czech) |
| Namsen | Template:Flagicon | Nååmesje (Southern Sami), Namsen (Norwegian, Swedish) |
| Narew | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Narau - Нараў (Belarusian), Nare (former German), Narev (Czech), Narevas (Lithuanian), Narew (German, Polish) |
| Narva | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Narv (Veps), Narva (Estonian, Latvian), Narva - Нарва (Russian, Belarusian), Narvajoki (Finnish), Narwa (Polish) |
| Neckar | Template:Flagicon | Neccarus (Latin variant), Neckar (German), Nicer (Latin) |
| (Lusatian) Neisse | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Lausitzer Neiße (German), Lužická Nisa (Czech), Łužiska Nysa (Sorbian), Neisse (Dutch, French, Italian, Spanish), Nissa Lusatianus (Latin), Nysa Łużycka (Polish) |
| Eastern Neisse | Template:Flagicon | Glatzer Neiße (German), Kladská Nisa (Czech), Nysa Kłodzka (Polish) |
| Raging Neisse | Template:Flagicon | Nysa Szalona (Polish), Šílená Nisa (Czech), Wütende Neiße or Jauersche Neiße (German) |
| Neman | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Memel (German, Dutch), Mīmeli (Old Prussian), Neman - Неман (Russian), Němen (Czech), Nemons (Samogitian), Nemuna (Latvian), Nemunas (Lithuanian, Estonian, Norwegian), Niemen (Finnish, Polish, Spanish), Niémen (French), Njemen (Swedish), Nyoman - Нёман (Belarusian) |
| Nemunėlis | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Memele - Мемеле (Russian), Mēmele (Latvian, Estonian), Nemunėlis (Lithuanian), Nemonielis (Samogitian), Niemenek (Polish) |
| Neretva | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Narenta (Italian), Naro (Latin), Narōn - Νάρων (ancient Greek), Neretva (Bosnian, Croatian, Czech, Slovene), Neretva - Неретва (Serbian), Neretwa (Polish) |
| Neris | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Nere (Latvian), Neris (Lithuanian, Estonian, German), Néris (French), Viliya - Ві́лія (Belarusian), Viliya - Ви́лия (Russian), Wilia (Polish) |
| Nestos | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Mesta - Места (Bulgarian, Macedonian, Russian), Mesta (French, Italian), Mesta Karasu (Ottoman Turkish), Nessus or Nestus (Latin), Nestos- Νέστος (Greek) |
| Neva | Template:Flagicon | Neeva (Estonian), Neva (Croatian, Dutch, Finnish, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian, Swedish, Veps), Neva - Нева (Russian), Něva (Czech), Néva (Hungarian), Nevan (Swedish variant), Newa (German, Polish), Nieva (Latin variant), Njewa (Upper Sorbian), Nyava - Нява (Belarusian) |
| Nitra | Template:Flagicon | Neutra (German), Nitra (Czech, Slovak), Nyitra (Hungarian) |
| Nore | Template:Flagicon | Eoyrus (Latin), An Fheoir (Irish) |
| Noteć | Template:Flagicon | Natissis (Latin), Netze (German), Notec or Niéc (Kashubian), Noteć (Polish, Czech) |
O
| English name | Countries | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Oder | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Biadros - Βιαδρος (Ancient Greek), Oder (German, Danish, Dutch, French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish), Òder (Catalan), Odera (Hungarian), Odera or Oddera (medieval Latin), Odra (Lower Sorbian, Polish, Bosnian, Croatian, Czech, Estonian, Lithuanian, Romanian, Slovak, Slovene), Òdra (Kashubian), Onter - Όντερ (modern Greek), Suebus (Latin), Syebos- Συήβος (ancient Greek), Uder (Silesian German), Uodra (Silesian), Viadrus (Renaissance Latin), Vjodr (Old Church Slavonic), Wódra (Upper Sorbian) |
| Odet | Template:Flagicon | Oded (Breton, Manx, Welsh), Odera (Latin), Odet (French) |
| Oglio | Template:Flagicon | Oglio (Italian), Òi (Lombard), Ollius (Latin) |
| Ohře/Eger | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Agara / Agira (9th-century),<ref>Friedrich Umlauft (1886) Geographisches Namenbuch von Österreich-Ungarn: eine Erklärung von Länder-, Völker-, Gau-, Berg-, Fluss- und Ortsnamen. A. Hölder, 1886, p. 53.</ref> Eger (German), Ohře, Ohara, and Oharka (Czech), Ohrza (Polish) |
| Oise | Template:Flagicon | Esia (Neo-Latin), Isara (Latin), Oése (Picard), Oise (French) |
| Oka | Template:Flagicon | Aka - Ака (Belarusian), Hura - Хура (Chuvash), Joka - Йока (Erzya), Occa or Aucensis (Latin), Oka - Ока (Russian, Mari, Mocksha) |
| Oker | Template:Flagicon | Ovacra (Neo-Latin (AD 747)), Ocker (Early New High German) |
| Olt | Template:Flagicon | Alt (German), Aluta (Latin, Polish), Alytos - Αλυτος (Greek), Olt (Hungarian, Romanian), Olt - Олт (Bulgarian), Oltu (Turkish) |
| Olza | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Olsa (German), Olša (Slovak), Olše (Czech), Olza (Polish) |
| Onega | Template:Flagicon | Äänisjoki (Finnish), Änine or Änižjogi (Veps), Onega - Оне́га (Russian) |
| Orava | Template:Flagicon | Arva (Latin), Árva (Hungarian), Arwa (German), Orava (Czech, Slovak), Orawa (Polish) |
| Osam | Template:Flagicon | Assamus/Asamus (Latin), Osam - Осъм (Bulgarian), Ossam (German), Oszam (Hungarian), |
| Oskol | Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flagicon | Askol - Аскол (Belarusian), Oskil - Оскіл (Ukrainian), Oskol - Оскол (Russian) |
| Osobloga | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Hotzenplotz (German, for Prussian/Polish part), Osoblaha (Czech), Osobłoga (Polish), Ossa (German, for Austrian/Czechoslovak part) |
| Oulujoki | Template:Flagicon | Oulujoki (Finnish), Ule älv (Norwegian, Swedish) |
| Ounasjoki | Template:Flagicon | Ounasjoki (Finnish), Ovnnesjohka (Northern Sami) |
| Ourthe | Template:Flagicon | Ourthe (French, Luxembourgish), Oûte (Walloon), Urt (German), Urta (Latin, 870 AD)<ref>In the Treaty of Meerssen (text (p. 3))</ref> |
| Ouse-Ure | Template:Flagicon | Ear (English; 1025 AD, upper river),<ref name=epns>Template:Cite book</ref> *Isura (Britonic, Latin), Jor, Yore (English; 12th-century, upper river), Ouse (lower river), Ure (upper river), Usa (Old English; 780 AD, lower river) |
| Oust | Template:Flagicon | Austa, Hulda, Ousta or Ultum (Latin), Oud (Breton), Oust (French), Out (Gallo) |
P
| English name | Countries | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Paatsjoki | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Báhčaveaijohka (Northern Sami), Paaččjokk (Skolt Sami), Paatsjoki (Finnish), Pasvik älv (Swedish), Pasvikelva (Norwegian), Paz - Паз or Patsojoki - Патсойоки (Russian) |
| Pechora | Template:Flagicon | Pechora - Печо́ра (Russian), Pechora -Печӧра (Komi), Petchora (French), Petschora (German), Sanjero Jaha - Санэроˮ яха (Nenets) |
| Peene | Template:Flagicon | Peene (German), Pěna (Czech), Piana (Polish) |
| Piave | Template:Flagicon | Piav (Lombard), Piava (Slovenian), Piave (Italian, Croatian, French, Hungarian, Venetian), Piawa (Polish), Plavá (Czech), Plavis (Latin), Ploden (German) |
| Pineios | Template:Flagicon | Pénée (French), Peneiós - Πηνειός (ancient Greek), Penej - Пеней, (Bulgarian, Croatian), Peneo (Spanish), Peneu (Catalan), Peneus (Latin), Pinios (Dutch, alternative English, German), Piniós - Πηνειός (modern Greek), Salabrias or Salambrias (medieval Latin) |
| Pisuerga | Template:Flagicon | Pisorga or Pisorica (Latin), Pisuerga (Spanish, Aragonese, Basque, Catalan, Galician, Portuguese) |
| Pite | Template:Flagicon | Bidumiedno or Bisumiedno (Pite Sami), Bihtámädno (Lule Sami), Piitimenjoki (Finnish), Pite älv or Piteälven (Swedish, Norwegian) |
| Piva | Template:Flagicon | Simacus (Latin, Greek), Piva (Montenegrin, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian) |
| Po | Template:Flagicon | Bodincus or Bodencus (Ligurian), Eridano (old Italian), Eridanos - Ηριδανος (Ancient Greek), Pad (Polish, Slovene), Pád (Czech), Pàdos - Παδος (modern Greek), Padus or Eridanus (Latin), Pfad (German), Phó (Irish), Po (Catalan, Dutch, Italian, Maltese, Romanian, Spanish, Turkish, Venetian), Pò (Lombard, Piedmontese), Pó (Hungarian, Portuguese), Pô (Arpitan) |
| Pregolya | Template:Flagicon | Pregel (German, Hungarian), Pregoła (Polish), Pregola (Czech, variant in English), Pregolja (Finnish), Pregolya - Преголя (Russian), Prieglius (Lithuanian), Vatrulia (Latin) |
| Prut | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Proet (Dutch), Prout (French), Prut (Czech, Hungarian, Polish, Romanian, Turkish), Prut - פּרוט (Yiddish), Pruth (German, English variant), Pyretòs - Πυρετος (Greek and Ancient Greek), Pyretus (Latin) |
| Prypiat | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Pripeat (Romanian), Pripet (Finnish), Pripete (Latvian, Lithuanian), Pripetius (Latin), Pripiat (French, Spanish), Pripiať (Slovak), Pripjat (Dutch), Pripjať, Prypjať or Pripěť (Czech), Pripyat (English variant), Pripyat' - Припять (Russian), Pripjaty (Hungarian), Prõpjats (Estonian), Prypeć (Polish), Prypjat (German), Pryp'yat' - Прип'ять (Ukrainian), Prypyats' - Прыпяць (Belarusian) |
R
| English name | Countries | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Rába | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Arabo or Raba (Latin), Arabos - Αραβος (Ancient Greek), Raab (German), Rába (Hungarian, Czech), Raba (Romanian, Slovene) |
| Rance | Template:Flagicon | Rance (French), Rancz (Gallo), Renk (Breton, Welsh), Rinctius (Latin) |
| Råne | Template:Flagicon | Radnejokk (Northern Sami), Råneälven (Swedish, Norwegian), Rávnaädno (Lule Sami, Northern Sami), Raunajoki (Finnish) |
| Rhine | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Rain (Romansh), Rajna (Bosnian, Croatian, Hungarian, Serbian), Rayn - רײַן (Yiddish), Rein (Estonian, Finnish), an Réin (Irish), Reina (Latvian), Reinas (Lithuanian), Ren (Occitan, Polish, Slovene, Turkish), Reno (Italian, Portuguese), Renu (Corsican, Maltese), Reyn - Рейн (Bulgarian, Russian, Ukrainian), Reyn - Рэйн (Belarusian), Rhäin (Luxembourgish), Rhein (German, Bavarian, Welsh), Rhen (Swedish), Rhenos - Ρηνος (ancient Greek), Rhenus (Latin), Rhien (Low Saxon), Rhin (French, Basque), Rhinen (Danish, Norwegian), Rhing (Colognian), Rhoi (Palatine German), Rhy (Alemannic German), Rien (Limburgish, Low Saxon), Rijn (Dutch), Rin (Catalan, Romanian, Spanish, Walloon), Roen (Breton), Ryn (Afrikaans, Western Frisian), Rýn (Czech, Slovak) |
| Rhône | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Rhodanòs - Ροδανος (Greek and Ancient Greek), Rhodanus (Latin), Rhôna (Czech, Slovak), Rhône (French, Dutch, Estonian), Rhone (German, Hungarian), Rodan (Romansh, Polish), Rodano (Basque, Italian), Ródano (Portuguese, Spanish), Ròden (Lombard), *Rodonos (Gaulic), Róin (Irish), Roine (Catalan), Ron (Breton, Romanian), Rón (Icelandic), Rona - Рона (Bulgarian, Russian, Serbian), Rona (Croatian, Slovene), Róna (Czech), Rône (Western Frisian), Rôno (Arpitan), Ròno (Piedmontese), Ròse (Occitan), Rotten (Walliser German, former German), Rottu (Alemannisch), Roûno (Franco-Provençal) |
| Rienz | Template:Flagicon | Byrrha (Latin), Rienz (German), Rienza (Italian) |
| Rioni | Template:Flagicon | Phasis - Φᾶσις (ancient and modern Greek), Rion (English variant), Rion - Ռիոն (Armenian), Rioni - რიონი (Georgian), Rioni - Риони (Russian) |
| Rubicon | Template:Flagicon | Rubicão (Portuguese), Rubico or Rubicon (Latin), Rubicó (Catalan), Rubicon (Danish, Dutch, French, Hungarian, Norwegian, Romanian, Swedish), Rubicón (Spanish), Rubicone (Italian), Rubikon (Czech, Finnish, German, Polish, Slovene), Rubikon - Рубикон (Bulgarian, Russian) |
| Ruhr | Template:Flagicon | Ruhr (German, Dutch, French, Low German), Ruhra (Polish), Rúr (Czech), Rura or Rurinna (Latin) |
| Rur | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Roer (Dutch, French, Italian, Limburgish), Roër (Italian variant), Roûle (Walloon), Rur (German, Colognian, Romanian, Spanish) |
S
| English name | Countries | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Saale | Template:Flagicon | Saale (German), Sala (Latin), Sála (Czech, Slovak), Solawa (Sorbian), Soława (Polish) |
| Saane/Sarine | Template:Flagicon | Charnà (Fribourg patois), Saane (German), Sanona (Latin), Sarina (Italian), Sarine (French) |
| Saar | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Saar (Danish, German, Hungarian, Italian, Romanian), Saar - Саар (Russian), Saara (Polish), Saravus (Latin), Sarre (French, Portuguese, Spanish), an tSáir (Irish) |
| Sado | Template:Flagicon | Calipus (Latin), Sádão (archaic Portuguese), Sado (Portuguese) |
| Sajó | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Sajo (Romanian), Sajó (Hungarian), Šajo (Croatian), Salz, Salza or Salzbach, (German), Slaná (Slovak, Czech) |
| Sakmara | Template:Flagicon | Haqmar - Һаҡмар (Bashkir), Sakmar - Сакмар (Tatar), Sakmara - Сакмара (Russian) |
| Salzach | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Isonta (Latin, upper part), Iuvarus / Ivarus (Latin), Salzach (German), Salzaha (Neo-Latin), Soizach (Austro-Bavarian) |
| Samara | Template:Flagicon | Samar - Самар (Chuvash, Tatar), Samara - Самара (Russian) |
| Sambre | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Sabes - Σαβης (Ancient Greek), Sabis (Latin), Sambe (Walloon), Samber (Dutch), Sambra (Polish), Sambre (French, German, Luxembourgish) |
| Samur | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Kʼulan - Кьулан or Chhvegʼan - ЧӀвегьер (Lezgian), Samur - Самур (Russian), Samurçay (Azerbaijani, Turkish), Samyr - Самыр (Rutul) |
| San | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Saan (German), San (Polish, Slovak), Sian - Сян (Ukrainian) |
| Sangro | Template:Flagicon | Isagros - Ισαγρος or Sagros - Σαγρος (Ancient Greek), Sagrus (Latin), Sangro (Latin) |
| Saône | Template:Flagicon | Arar (pre-Roman), Brigoulus, Sagonna or Souconna (Latin), Saona (Catalan, Czech, Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Spanish), Saône (Estonian, Dutch, French, German, Hungarian), Sona (Arpitan), Sòna (Occitan) |
| Sauer | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Sauer (German, Luxembourgish), Seure (Walloon), Sura (Latin), Sûre (French) |
| Sava | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Sabos - Σαβος (Ancient Greek), Sau (German), Sava (Bosnian, Croatian, Italian, Romanian, Slovene, Turkish), Sava - Сава (Serbian, Russian, Ukrainian), Sáva (Czech, Slovak), Save (French, German, variant in English), Savus (Latin), Sawa (Polish), Sawe (German variant), Száva (Hungarian) |
| Schaale | Template:Flagicon | Chalousos (Ancient Greek) |
| Scheldt | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Escalda (Spanish), Escaut (French, Picard), Escô (Walloon), Scaldis (Latin), Schelda (Italian), Schelde (Dutch, German, Hungarian, Swedish, West Flemish, Zeelandic), Šelda (Czech), Sjelde (Limburgish), Skalda (Polish), Skelde (West Frisian) |
| Segre | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | lang}} (Arabic) |
| Segura | Template:Flagicon | Segura (Spanish), Tader or Thader (Latin), Wadi al-Abyad or War-Alabiat - وادي الأبيض or شقورة, (Arabic) |
| Seine | Template:Flagicon | Saena (Breton), Seina (Czech), Sèina (Occitan), Seine (Dutch, French, German, Swedish variant, Welsh), Seinen (Danish, Swedish), Sekwana (Polish), Sen (Turkish), Sena (Catalan, Croatian, Galician, Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish, Slovene), Sena - Сена (Serbian, Russian, Ukrainian), Senna (Italian), Sequana or Sequanna (Celtic), Sequana or Sequanus (Latin), Sigen (Old English), Signa (Icelandic), Sikouànas - Σηκουάνας (Greek), Sinne (Walloon), Szajna (Hungarian), an tSéin (Irish) |
| Sele | Template:Flagicon | Sele (Italian), Sélé (French), Silarus, Siler, Silerus or Sylar (Latin) |
| Semois | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Semois (French [Belgium]), Semoy (French [France]), Sesbach (German), Sesomires or Sesmara (Latin), Setzbaach (Arlon Luxembourgish), Simwès or Smwès (Walloon) |
| Sense | Template:Flagicon | Chindzena (Fribourg patois), Sense (German), Singine (French) |
| Sesia | Template:Flagicon | Sesia (Italian, Piedmontese), Sesites, Sessites or Sicia (Latin), Tseschra (Walser German) |
| Šešupė | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Ostfluss (briefly former German), Scheschup(p)e (German), Šešopė (Samogitian), Šešupė (Lithuanian), Sheshupe - Шешупе (Russian), Szeszupa (Polish) |
| Severn | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | (Afon) Hafren (Welsh), Sabhrainn (Irish), Sabrina (Latin), Sæfern (Old English) |
| Seym | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Seim, Sejm or Seym - Сейм (Russian, Ukrainian), Sejm (Czech, Polish) |
| Shannon | Template:Flagicon | Abhainn na Sionainne (variant in Irish), y Çhannon (Manx), Scene (Old English), Senus (Latin), Shanon - Շանոն (Armenian), Shanon - Шанон (Macedonian), Shannon - Шаннон (Russian), Shanǎn - Шанън (Bulgarian), an tSionainn (Irish), an tSionna (variant in Irish) |
| Shkumbin | Template:Flagicon | Genessus or Genusus (Latin), Genoúsos - Γενούσος (Ancient Greek), Shkumbin or Shkëmbi (Albanian), Shkumba - Шкумба or Shkumbin - Шкумбин (Macedonian, Serbian), Skoumpin - Σκούμπιν (Modern Greek) |
| Sieg | Template:Flagicon | Segaha (Latin), Sie (Colognian dialect), Sieg (German) |
| Siret | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Ararus or Hierasus (Latin), Hierasòs - Ιερασος (Ancient Greek), Seret (Polish), Seret / Siret - Серет / Сірет (Ukrainian), Sereth (German), Siret (Romanian), Siret - Сирет (Russian), Sireth (traditional English), Szeret (Hungarian) |
| Skellefte | Template:Flagicon | Skellefteälven (Swedish, Norwegian), Syöldateiednuo (Ume Sami) |
| Soča | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Aesontius / Sontius (Latin), Aipsōntios - Αιψωντιος (Ancient Greek), Isonz (Lombard), Isonzo (Italian, French, German, Spanish), Isonzó (Hungarian), Lisonz (Venetian), Lusinç or Lisunç (Friulian), Soča (Slovene, Croatian, Czech), Sontig (historic German) |
| Someş | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Samosch (German), Samosius / Samus (Latin), Samosz (Polish), Someş (Romanian), Somesch (German), Somesh - Сомеш (Ukrainian), Szamos (Hungarian) |
| Someşul Mare | Template:Flagicon | Großer Somesch (German), Nagy-Szamos (Hungarian), Someşul Mare (Romanian) |
| Someşul Mic | Template:Flagicon | Kis-Szamos (Hungarian), Kleiner Somesch (German), Someşul Mic (Romanian) |
| Somme | Template:Flagicon | Samara (Gaulish, Latin), Somena/Somona (Latin variants), Somma (Polish), Somme (French, German, Hungarian, Romanian, Swedish), Sonme (Picard), Zomme (Middle Dutch), Zoom (West Flemish) |
| Sozh | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Soj (French), Sosch (German), Soż (Polish), Sožas (Lithuanian), Sozh - Сож (Belarusian, Russian, Ukrainian) |
| Spey | Template:Flagicon | Spè (Scottish Gaelic), Uisge Spé (Irish), Spea (Latin) |
| Spree | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Spree (German, Swedish), Spréva (Czech), Spreva (Latin), Sprewa / Szprewa (Polish), Sprjewja (Lower Sorbian), Sprowja / Sprewja / Šprewa (Sorbian) |
| Struma | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Estrimón (Spanish), Karasu (Turkish), Strimónas - Στρυμώνας (Greek), Strouma (French, variant in English), Struma - Струма (Bulgarian, Serbian), Struma (Czech), Strymon (ancient Greek, Latin, variant in English), Sztruma (Hungarian) |
| Suir | Template:Flagicon | Siúr or Abhainn na Siúire (Irish), Suirus (Latin) |
| Sukhona | Template:Flagicon | Soukhona (French), Suchona (Latin, German, Italian), Suhona (Finnish), Sújona (Spanish), Sukhona - Су́хона (Russian) |
| Sulak | Template:Flagicon | Ġoy-su - ГIой-хи (Chechen), Kʼas - Кьас (Dargin), Qoj su - Къой су (Kumyk), Sulak - Сулак (Lezgian, Russian), Sulak (Azerbaijani), Sulapi - სულაკი (Georgian), Sulaq - Сула́хъ (Avaric) |
| Sunzha | Template:Flagicon | Sholʒə - Шолжа (Ingush), Sölƶa - Соьлжа (Chechen), Sunja - სუნჯა (Georgian), Sunžæ - Сунжæ (Ossetian), Sunzha - Су́нжа (Russian), Səndž - Сындж (Kabardian) |
| Sura | Template:Flagicon | Săr - Сӑр (Chuvash), Sırı - Сыры (Tatar), Soera (Dutch), Soura (French), Šur - Шур (Mari), Sura - Сура́ (Moksha, Russian), Sura Lej - Сура лей (Erzya) |
| Svir | Template:Flagicon | Süvär (Veps), Svir - Свирь (Russian), Syväri (Finnish, Karelian) |
| Świna | Template:Flagicon | Svina (Czech), Swina (Pomeranian), Świna (Polish), Swine (German) |
T
| English name | Countries | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Taff | Template:Flagicon | Taf (Welsh, Breton) |
| Tagliamento | Template:Flagicon | Dülmende (medieval German), Tagliamento (Italian), Tajamento (Venetian), Tiliaventum (Latin), Tiliment or Taiament (Friulian), Tilment (Croatian) |
| Tagus | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Taach (Frisian), Taag (Dutch), Tachas (Lithuanian), Tacho (Aragonese), Tag (Polish), Tage (Old Catalan, French, Occitan), Tago (Italian), Tagos - Ταγος (Ancient Greek), Tagus (Latin), Taho - Тахо (Russian), Tajo (Spanish, Basque, Catalan, German), Teijo (Mirandese), Tejo (Portuguese), Teju (Extremaduran), Texo (Galician), |
| Tana | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Deatnu (Northern Sami), Tana or Tanaelva (Norwegian), Tana älv (Swedish), Tana - Тана (Russian), Teno or Tenojoki (Finnish) |
| Tara | Template:Flagicon | Autarius, Tarus (Greek, Latin), Tara (Montenegrin, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian) |
| Tarn | Template:Flagicon | Tarn (French, Occitan), Tarnis (Latin) |
| Tay | Template:Flagicon | Tatha (Scottish Gaelic, Breton, Irish), Tava or Taus (Latin), Tay (Scots, Welsh) |
| Terek | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Tergi - თერგი (Georgian), Terek - Терек (Avar, Azerbaijani, Lezgian, Russian), Terk - Терк (Karachay-Balkar, Ossetian), Terka - Теркa (Chechen) |
| Thames | Template:Flagicon | Riviéthe dé Londres (Norman), Tafwys (Welsh), Tamais (Irish), Tamesa (Latin variant), Tàmesi (Catalan), Tamesis (Latin), Tàmesis - Ταμεσης (Greek), Támesis (Spanish), Tamigi (Italian), Tamisa (Portuguese, Romanian), Tamise (French), Tamiza (Polish), Tavoez (Breton), Teems (Afrikaans, Western Frisian), Temes (Old English), Temese (middle English), Temza (Croatian, Latvian, Slovene), Temza - Темза (Bulgarian, Serbian, Russian), Temze (Hungarian), Temže (Czech), Thaimish (Manx), Theems (Dutch), Thems (Low German, West Flemish), Themse (German), Themsen (Danish, Norwegian, Swedish) |
| Thaya | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Dyja (Polish), Dyje (Czech, Slovak), Thaya (German, French, Hungarian, Italian) |
| Thielle | Template:Flagicon | Thièle or Thielle (French), Zihl (German) |
| Thyamis | Template:Flagicon | Glykys - Γλυκύς (alternative Greek name), Kalamai (Albanian), Kalamas - Καλαμάς (alternative Greek, German), Thiamis (French), Thyamis - Θύαμις (Greek), Tíamis (Spanish), Tijamis (Serbian) |
| Tiber | Template:Flagicon | Albula and Rumon (former Latin names), Téivie (Ligurian), Tever (Lombard), Tevere (Italian, Corsican, Hungarian, Maltese), Tèviri (Sicilian), Tibar (Friulian, Serbian), Tiber (Latin, Afrikaans, Dutch, German, Spanish, Turkish), Tíber (Catalan), Tibera (Czech, Slovene), Tiberen (Danish), Tiberis - Τιβερης (Greek), Tibern (Swedish), Tibir (Irish), Tibr - Тибр (Russian), Tibr - Тібр (Ukrainian), Tibra (Latvian), Tibre (French, Portuguese), Tibru (Romanian), Tyber (Polish), Tyberis (Latin variant) |
| Ticino | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Tesin (Piedmontese, alternative Lombard), Tesino (Spanish), Tessin (Alemannish, French, German), Ticino (Italian, Romansh), Ticinus (Latin), Tisin (Lombard, Venetian), Tzich or Tisen (Ticino dialect of Lombard) |
| Timiș | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Tamiš - Тамиш (Serbian), Temes (Hungarian), Temeš (Czech), Temesch (German), Temesz (Polish), Teyss (archaic English) Thibisis / Thympiscos - Θίβισις / Θυμπισκος (Ancient Greek), Tibiscus / Tibisis (Latin), Timiș (Romanian), |
| Tisza | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flagicon | Cisa (Polish), Pathissos - Πάθισσος (ancient Greek), Theiß (German), Theiss (older English texts), Tibisco (Italian), Tibisque (older French texts), Tisa (Croatian, Czech, Romanian, Slovak, Slovene, Turkish), Tisa - Тиса (Serbian, Russian), Tisia, Tissus or Pathissus (Latin), Tisza (Hungarian, Dutch, French, Portuguese, Spanish, Swedish), Tysa - Тиса (Ukrainian) |
| Torne | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Duortneseatnu (Northern Sami), Torne älv (Swedish), Tornionjoki (Finnish), Tornionväylä (Meänkieli) |
| Trent | Template:Flagicon | Trisantona (Latin), Terentus or Trehenta (Neolatin) |
| Trieux | Template:Flagicon | Titus or Tetus (Latin), Trev or Treñv (Breton, Gallo), Trieux (French) |
| Tuloma | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Doallánjohka (Northern Sami), Tuållâmjokk (Skolt Sami), Tuloma (Norwegian), Tuloma - Тулома (Russian), Tuulomajoki (Finnish) |
| Tundzha | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Taenarus / Tonzus (Latin), Tonzos - Τόνζος (Greek), Toundja (French), Tunca (Turkish), Tundja (Romanian), Tundscha (German), Tundzha / Tundža - Тунджа (Bulgarian) |
| Tweed | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Thuaid (Irish), Tuaidh (Scottish Gaelic), Tueda (Latin), Tweed (Welsh), Tweid (Scots) |
U
| English name | Countries | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Ufa | Template:Flagicon | Ӗphü - Ӗпхӳ (Chuvash), Oefa (Dutch), Oufa (French), Karaidel - Караидел (Tatar), Karaizel (Turkish), Qaridhel - Ҡариҙел (Bashkir), Šem Viče - Шем Виче (Mari), Ufa (German, Italian, Spanish), Ufa - Уфа (Russian) |
| Ume | Template:Flagicon | Ubmejeiednuo (Ume Sami), Ume älv or Umeälven (Swedish, Norwegian), Uumajanjoki (Finnish) |
| Ural | Template:Flagicon | Âjyǩ - Яйыҡ (Bashkir), Daïkos - Δάϊκος (Ancient Greek), Ğaek - Җаек (Tatar), Jayıq - Жайық (Kazakh), Jayıq (Kara-Kalpak), Oeral (Dutch), Oural (French), Ouralis - Ουράλης (modern Greek), Rhymnus or Iaick (Latin), an Úrail (Irish), Ural (Czech, German, Italian, Spanish), Ural - Урал (Russian), Wral (Welsh), Yaik - Яик (former Russian), |
| Usa | Template:Flagicon | Oussa (French), Usa - Уса́ (Russian), Ussa (German), Usva - Усва (Komi) |
| Usk | Template:Flagicon | Isca (Latin), Wysg (Welsh, Breton) |
| Uzh | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Uh (Slovak), Uh - Уг (Ruthenian), Ung (Hungarian), Uzh - Уж (Russian, Ukrainian), Uż (Polish) |
V
| English name | Countries | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Váh | Template:Flagicon | Cusus (Latin variant), Vág (Hungarian), Vaghus (Latin), Vah - Ваг (Ukrainian), Váh (Slovak, Czech, Romanian), Waag (German), Wag (Polish) |
| Vardar | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Axiós - Αξιος (Greek), Axius (Latin), Vardar (Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Hungarian, Italian, Serbian, Slovene, Macedonian, Romanian, Turkish), Vardar or Wardar (German), Vardari (Albanian), Wardar (Polish) |
| Vechte | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | (Oeriselske) Fecht (Western Frisian), (Overijsselse) Vecht (Dutch), Vechte (German, Low Saxon) |
| Vefsna | Template:Flagicon | Vaapstenjeanoe (Southern Sami), Vapstälven (Swedish), Vefsna (Norwegian), |
| Venta | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Vǟnta (Livonian), Venta (Latvian, Lithuanian), Venta - Вента (Russian), Vėnta (Samogitian), Windau (German), Windawa (Polish) |
| Vetluga | Template:Flagicon | Vetlouga (French), Vetluga - Ветлу́га (Russian), Vütla - Вӱтла (Eastern Mari), Və̈tlä - Вӹтлӓ (Western Mari), Wetluga (German), Wietługa (Polish) |
| Vienne | Template:Flagicon | Viena (Catalan), Vienne (French), Vigenna or Vingenna (Latin), Vinhana or Viena (Occitan) |
| Vilaine | Template:Flagicon | Gwilen or Gwilun (Breton, Welsh), Vicinonia, Vicenonia or Visnonia (Latin), Vilaèyn (Gallo), Vilaine (French) |
| Vindel | Template:Flagicon | Vidduolienuo (Ume Sami), Vindelälven (Swedish, Norwegian), |
| Vistula | Template:Flagicon | Vaysl - װײַסל (Yiddish), Veiksel (Finnish), an Viostúile (Irish), Visla (Czech, Latvian, Slovak, Slovene), Visla - Вісла (Belarusian, Ukrainian), Visla - Висла (Bulgarian, Russian, Serbian), Vistola (Italian), Vistül (Turkish), Vistula (Latin, Romanian, Swedish variant), Vístula (Catalan, Portuguese, Spanish), Vistule (French), Visztula (Hungarian), Vysla (Lithuanian), Weichsel (German, Swedish variant), Wießel (Low German), Wijsel or Wijssel (Dutch), Wisła (Polish, Swedish variant), Wisła or Visla (Estonian) |
| Vltava | Template:Flagicon | Fuldaha (medieval Latin (872 AD)), Moldau (Dutch, German, Swedish), Moldva (Hungarian), Moldava (Italian, Spanish), Moldawa (Silesian), Multavia, Moldava or Multa (Latin), Vltava (Czech, Finnish, French, Romanian, Slovak, Slovene, Swedish), Vltava - Влтава (Serbian, Russian, Ukrainian), Wełtawa (Polish), Wlitaua (Old Czech), Wołtawa (Sorbian), Wultha (medieval Latin (1125 AD)) |
| Volga | Template:Flagicon | Atăl - Атӑл (Chuvash), Edil (Kazakh), İdel - Идел (Tatar), Idhel (Bashkir), İdil (Turkish), Indɨl (Adyghe), Ijil mörön (Oirat), İtil (Karachay-Balkar), Izhil - Ижил (Mongolian), Jezhel Muren - Эжэл мүрэн (Buryat), Jul - Юл (Mari), Rā (Scythian), Rav - Рав (Erzya, Mordvin), Rava - Рава (Mocksha), Rha (Latin), Vl'ga (Church Slavic), Volg (Veps), Volga (Croatian, Finnish, French, Hungarian, Irish, Italian, Maltese, Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish, Slovene, Swedish, Turkish), Volga - Волга (Russian, Serbian, Ukrainian), Volgan (Swedish variant), Vòlgas - Βολγας (Greek), Volha (Czech), Vollga (Albanian), Wolga (Afrikaans, Dutch, Frisian, German, Turkmen), Wołga (Polish, Silesian) |
| Volkhov | Template:Flagicon | Olhav (Veps), Olhava (Ingrian), Olhavanjoki (Finnish), Volhova (Latvian), Volhovi jõgi (Estonian), Vóljov (Spanish), Volkhov - Во́лхов (Russian), Wolchow (German), Wołchow (Polish) |
| Vuoksi | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Vuoksa (Norwegian), Vuoksa - Вуокса (Russian), Vuoksen (Swedish), Vuoksi (Finnish, French, German) |
| Vyatka | Template:Flagicon | Noqrat - Нократ (Tatar), Nuhrat Atăl - Нухрат Атӑл (Chuvash), Vatka - Ватка (Mari, Udmurt), Viatca (Latin), Viatka (French, Spanish), Viče - Виче (Mari), Vjatka (Dutch, Italian), Vyatka - Вя́тка (Russian), Wiatka (Polish), Wjatka (German) |
| Vychegda | Template:Flagicon | Ežva - Эжва (Komi), Vychegda - Вычегда (Russian), Vytchegda (French), Wytschegda (German) |
W
| English name | Countries | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Waal | Template:Flagicon | Vacalis / Vahalis / Valis (Latin), Valas (Lithuanian), Waal (Dutch, German, Low Saxon, West Frisian), Wahal or Vahal (alternative French), Wål (Walloon), Woal (West Flemish) |
| Warnow | Template:Flagicon | Chalousos - Χαλοῦσος (Ancient Greek)?, Chalusus (Latin)?, Varnava (Czech), Warnow (German, Polish) |
| Warta | Template:Flagicon | Varta (Czech, Latin), Warta (Polish), Warthe (German, Swedish) |
| Werra | Template:Flagicon | Weraha (Neo-Latin), Werra (German) |
| Weser | Template:Flagicon | Vesdre (French), Vezera (Czech), Vēzere (Latvian), Vėzeris (Lithuanian), Visurgis (Latin), Weeser (Northern Frisian), Werser (Low German), Weser (German, Danish, Western Frisian), Wezer (Dutch), Wezera (Polish) |
| Wieprz | Template:Flagicon | Vepr - Вепр (Ukrainian, Taraškievica Belarusian), Vepsh (Belarusian, Russian), Vepšas (Lithuanian), Wieprz (Polish) |
| Wisłok | Template:Flagicon | Vislok - Віслок (Ukrainian), Vyslokas (Lithuanian), Weisslok or Weisslog (German), Wisłok (Polish) |
| Wkra | Template:Flagicon | Vkra (Lithuanian), Wkra (Polish) |
| Wupper | Template:Flagicon | Wipper (upper part of river), Wippera (Latin), Wupper (German) |
| Wye | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | Gwy (Welsh, Breton), Vaga / Waia (Latin) |
Y
| English name | Countries | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Yantra | Template:Flagicon | Etar (older Bulgarian), Iantra (Romanian), Iatus (Latin), Jantra (German), Yantra - Я̀нтра (Bulgarian), Oszam (Hungarian), |
| Ybbs | Template:Flagicon | Íbosa (Portuguese), Jivice (Croatian), Ois, Weiße Ois (upper regions), Ybbs (Austro-Bavarian, German) |
| Yonne | Template:Flagicon | Icaunus (Latin), Yonne (French) |
| Yser | Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon | IJzer (Dutch), Isera (Latin), Izer (Walloon), Yser (French), Yzer (West Flemish) |
| Yug | Template:Flagicon | Ioug (French), Jug (German, Italian), Yug - Юг (Komi, Russian) |
Z
| English name | Countries | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Zeta | Template:Flagicon | Zenta (Greek), Senta (Latin) Zeta (Montenegrin, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Albanian) |
| Zbruch | Template:Flagicon | Sbrutch (German), Zbroutch (French), Zbruč (Czech, Italian), Zbruch - Збруч (Ukrainian), Zbrucz (Polish) |
| Zenne | Template:Flagicon | Sainna (Latin), Senne (French, German), Sena (Lithuanian), Zenne (Dutch) |
| Zêzere | Template:Flagicon | Zêzere (Portugues), Zézere (Galician, Mirandese) |
| Zrmanja | Template:Flagicon | Tedanius (Latin), Zermagna (Italian), Zrmanja (Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian) |
| Zwarte Water | Template:Flagicon | Swarte Wetter (Western Frisian), Zwarte Water (Dutch), Zwärte Wäter (Low Saxon) |
See also
- Exonym and endonym
- List of rivers of Europe
- Latin names of European rivers
- List of alternative country names
- List of country names in various languages
- List of European regions with alternative names
- List of European cities with alternative names
- List of Latin place names in Europe
- List of places