1922 United States Senate elections

Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox election The 1922 United States Senate elections were elections that occurred in the middle of Republican President Warren G. Harding's term. The 32 seats of Class 1 were contested in regular elections, and special elections were held to fill vacancies. With the Republicans divided between conservative and progressive factions, the Democrats gained six net seats from the Republicans while the Farmer–Labor party gained one. The Republicans retained their Senate majority.

Mid-term vacancies would reduce the Republican majority by a further two seats, with the Democrats and the Farmer Labors picking up another seat each, reducing Republicans to a 51-43-2 majority.

Gains, losses, and holds

Retirements

One Republican and two Democrats retired instead of seeking re-election. One Republican retired instead of seeking election to finish the unexpired term and one Democrat retired instead of seeking election to finish the unexpired term.

State	Senator	Replaced by
Georgia	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Template:Sortname	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Template:Sortname
Iowa	Template:Party shading/Republican | Template:Sortname	Template:Party shading/Republican | Template:Sortname
Mississippi	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Template:Sortname	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Template:Sortname
Montana	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Template:Sortname	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Template:Sortname
Vermont	Template:Party shading/Republican | Template:Sortname	Template:Party shading/Republican | Template:Sortname

Defeats

Nine Republicans and three Democrats sought re-election but lost in the primary or general election. One Republican sought election to finish the unexpired term and sought election to a full term but lost in both the special election and the regular election.

State	Senator	Replaced by
Delaware	Template:Party shading/Republican | Template:Sortname	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Template:Sortname
Indiana	Template:Party shading/Republican | Template:Sortname	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Template:Sortname
Maryland	Template:Party shading/Republican | Template:Sortname	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Template:Sortname
Michigan	Template:Party shading/Republican | Template:Sortname	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Template:Sortname
Minnesota	Template:Party shading/Republican | Template:Sortname	Template:Party shading/Farmer-Labor | Template:Sortname
Nebraska	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Template:Sortname	Template:Party shading/Republican | Template:Sortname
New Jersey	Template:Party shading/Republican | Template:Sortname	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Template:Sortname
New York	Template:Party shading/Republican | Template:Sortname	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Template:Sortname
North Dakota	Template:Party shading/Republican | Template:Sortname	Template:Party shading/Republican | Template:Sortname
Ohio	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Template:Sortname	Template:Party shading/Republican | Template:Sortname
Texas	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Template:Sortname	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Template:Sortname
Washington	Template:Party shading/Republican | Template:Sortname	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Template:Sortname
West Virginia	Template:Party shading/Republican | Template:Sortname	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Template:Sortname

Post-elections changes

State	Senator	Replaced by
Colorado	Template:Party shading/Republican | Template:Sortname	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Template:Sortname
Illinois	Template:Party shading/Republican | Template:Sortname	Template:Party shading/Republican | Template:Sortname
Minnesota	Template:Party shading/Republican | Template:Sortname	Template:Party shading/Farmer-Labor | Template:Sortname

Change in composition

Before the elections

At the beginning of 1922.

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Majority →
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After the elections

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Majority →
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Key	align=center width=35px Template:Party shading/Democratic | D# Democratic align=center width=35px Template:Party shading/Farmer–Labor | FL# Farmer–Labor align=center width=35px Template:Party shading/Republican | R# Republican

Race summaries

Special elections during the 67th Congress

In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1922; ordered by election date.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
	Senator	Party	Electoral history
Delaware (Class 1)	T. Coleman du Pont	Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican	1921 Template:Small	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Interim appointee lost election. New senator elected November 7, 1922. Democratic gain. Winner also elected to the next term; see below.	Template:Plainlist
Georgia (Class 3)	Rebecca Latimer Felton	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic	1922 Template:Small	Template:Party shading/Democratic/Hold | Interim appointee retired. New senator elected November 7, 1922. Democratic hold.	Template:Plainlist
Iowa (Class 2)	Charles A. Rawson	Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican	1922 Template:Small	Template:Party shading/Republican/Hold | Interim appointee retired. New senator elected November 7, 1922. Republican hold.	Template:Plainlist
Pennsylvania (Class 1)	David A. Reed	Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican	1922 Template:Small	Interim appointee elected November 7, 1922. Winner also elected to the next term; see below.	Template:Plainlist
Pennsylvania (Class 3)	George W. Pepper	Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican	1922 Template:Small	Interim appointee elected November 7, 1922.	Template:Plainlist

Elections leading to the 68th Congress

In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1923; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
	Senator	Party	Electoral history
Arizona	Henry F. Ashurst	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic	[[1912 United States Senate elections in Arizona|1912 Template:Small]] 1916	Incumbent re-elected.	Template:Plainlist
California	Hiram Johnson	Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican	1916	Incumbent re-elected.	Template:Plainlist
Connecticut	George P. McLean	Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican	1911 1916	Incumbent re-elected.	Template:Plainlist
Delaware	T. Coleman du Pont	Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican	1921 Template:Small	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Interim appointee lost election. Democratic gain.	Template:Plainlist
Florida	Park Trammell	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic	1916	Incumbent re-elected.	Template:Plainlist
Indiana	Harry S. New	Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican	1916	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic gain.	Template:Plainlist
Maine	Frederick Hale	Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican	1916	Incumbent re-elected September 11, 1922.	Template:Plainlist
Maryland	Joseph I. France	Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican	1916	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	Template:PlainlistTemplate:Collapsible list
Massachusetts	Henry Cabot Lodge	Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican	1893 1899 1905 1911 1916	Incumbent re-elected.	Template:PlainlistTemplate:Collapsible list
Michigan	Charles E. Townsend	Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican	1911 1916	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	Template:PlainlistTemplate:Collapsible list
Minnesota	Frank B. Kellogg	Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican	1916	Template:Party shading/Farmer–Labor | Incumbent lost re-election. Farmer–Labor gain.	Template:Plainlist
Mississippi	John S. Williams	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic	[[1908 United States Senate election in Mississippi|1908 Template:Small]] 1916	Template:Party shading/Democratic/Hold | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	Template:Plainlist
Missouri	James A. Reed	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic	1911 1916	Incumbent re-elected.	Template:PlainlistTemplate:Collapsible list
Montana	Henry L. Myers	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic	1911 1916	Template:Party shading/Democratic/Hold | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	Template:Plainlist
Nebraska	Gilbert Hitchcock	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic	1911 1916	Template:Party shading/Republican | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain.	Template:Plainlist
Nevada	Key Pittman	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic	[[1913 United States Senate special election in Nevada|1913 Template:Small]] 1916	Incumbent re-elected.	Template:Plainlist
New Jersey	Joseph S. Frelinghuysen	Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican	1916	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	Template:Plainlist
New Mexico	Andrieus A. Jones	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic	1916	Incumbent re-elected.	Template:Plainlist
New York	William M. Calder	Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican	1916	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	Template:PlainlistTemplate:Collapsible list
North Dakota	Porter J. McCumber	Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican	1899 1905 1911 1916	Template:Party shading/Republican/Hold | Incumbent lost renomination. Republican hold.	Template:Plainlist
Ohio	Atlee Pomerene	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic	1911 1916	Template:Party shading/Republican | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain.	Template:Plainlist
Pennsylvania	David A. Reed	Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican	1922 Template:Small	Interim appointee elected. Winner was also elected to finish the current term; see above.	Template:PlainlistTemplate:Collapsible list
Rhode Island	Peter G. Gerry	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic	1916	Incumbent re-elected.	Template:Plainlist
Tennessee	Kenneth McKellar	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic	1916	Incumbent re-elected.	Template:Plainlist
Texas	Charles A. Culberson	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic	1899 1905 1911 1916	Template:Party shading/Democratic/Hold | Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic hold.	Template:Plainlist
Utah	William H. King	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic	1916	Incumbent re-elected.	Template:Plainlist
Vermont	Carroll S. Page	Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican	[[1908 United States Senate special election in Vermont|1908 Template:Small]] 1910 1916	Template:Party shading/Republican/Hold | Incumbent retired. Republican hold.	Template:Plainlist
Virginia	Claude A. Swanson	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic	1910 Template:Small 1911 Template:Small [[1912 United States Senate special election in Virginia|1912 Template:Small]] 1916	Incumbent re-elected.	Template:Plainlist
Washington	Miles Poindexter	Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican	1910 1916	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	Template:PlainlistTemplate:Collapsible list
West Virginia	Howard Sutherland	Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican	1916	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	Template:Plainlist
Wisconsin	Robert M. La Follette	Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican	1905 1911 1916	Incumbent re-elected.	Template:PlainlistTemplate:Collapsible list
Wyoming	John B. Kendrick	Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic	1916	Incumbent re-elected.	Template:Plainlist

Closest races

Fourteen races had a margin of victory under 10%:

State	Party of winner	Margin
Delaware (special)	data-sort-value=-0.5 Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic (flip)	0.1%
Delaware (regular)	data-sort-value=-0.5 Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic (flip)	0.43%
Utah	data-sort-value=-0.5 Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic	0.47%
Massachusetts	data-sort-value=-0.5 Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican	0.8%
Washington	data-sort-value=-0.5 Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic (flip)	1.2%
Michigan	data-sort-value=-0.5 Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic (flip)	2.2%
Indiana	data-sort-value=-0.5 Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic (flip)	3.1%
Ohio	data-sort-value=-0.5 Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican (flip)	3.2%
West Virginia	data-sort-value=-0.5 Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic (flip)	3.6%
North Dakota	data-sort-value=-0.5 Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican	4.56%
Missouri	data-sort-value=-0.5 Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic	4.6%
Maryland	data-sort-value=-0.5 Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic (flip)	7.0%
Connecticut	data-sort-value=-0.5 Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican	6.8%
Rhode Island	data-sort-value=-0.5 Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic	8.8%

The tipping point state is Pennsylvania with a margin of 25.5%.

Arizona

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California

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Connecticut

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Delaware

Template:See also There were 2 elections in Delaware.

Delaware (special)

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Delaware (regular)

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Florida

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Georgia (special)

In the special general election held November 7, 1922, George was unopposed.

Indiana

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Iowa (special)

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Maine

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Maryland

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Massachusetts

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Michigan

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Minnesota

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Mississippi

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Missouri

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Montana

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New Jersey

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New York

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North Dakota

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Pennsylvania

Template:See also There were 3 elections in Pennsylvania.

Pennsylvania (special, class 1)

One-term Republican Philander C. Knox died October 12, 1921, and Republican state senator William E. Crow was appointed October 24, 1921 to continue the term, pending a special election. Crow then died August 2, 1922, and Republican attorney David A. Reed was appointed, also to continue the term, pending a special election. Reed won that election as well as the election to the next term.

Pennsylvania (regular)

Reed would serve until 1935.

Pennsylvania (special, class 3)

Five-term Republican Boies Penrose died December 31, 1921, and Republican attorney George W. Pepper was appointed January 9, 1922 to continue the term, pending a special election, which he then won.

Pepper would only serve out that term, losing renomination in 1926.

Tennessee

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Texas

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Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator Charles Culberson ran for re-election to a fifth term, but he lost the Democratic primary.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Railroads Commissioner Earle Bradford Mayfield defeated former Governor Pa Ferguson in the primary runoff. Mayfield won the runoff, but because of his support of the resurgent Ku Klux Klan, anti-Klan activists in the Democratic Party including George Peddy attempted to have him stripped of the nomination.<ref name="Fleming">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> After this failed, Peddy ran as the candidate of the "Independent Democrats."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The Texas Republican Party also backed Peddy, but after a lengthy court battle, they were unable to have him included on the general election ballot as their official nominee.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite news</ref> Peddy instead ran as a write-in candidate, but he lost the general election to Mayfield.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Template:Election box begin no change Template:Election box winning candidate with party link no change Template:Election box candidate with party link no change Template:Election box majority no change Template:Election box turnout no change Template:Election box hold with party link no change Template:Election box end

Vermont

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Virginia

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Washington

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Template:See also

Wisconsin

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Template:See also

See also

• 1923 United States Senate elections
• 1922 United States elections
  • 1922 United States House of Representatives elections
• 67th United States Congress
• 68th United States Congress

References

Template:Reflist Template:1922 United States elections {{#invoke:Navbox|navbox | name = United States Senate elections | title = United States Senate elections | state = autocollapse | bodyclass = hlist

|group1 = 1788–1913
Template:Nobold |list1 =

• 1788–89
• 1790–91
• 1792–93
• 1794–95
• 1796–97
• 1798–99
• 1800–01
• 1802–03
• 1804–05
• 1806–07
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• 1810–11
• 1812–13
• 1814–15
• 1816–17
• 1818–19
• 1820–21
• 1822–23
• 1824–25
• 1826–27
• 1828–29
• 1830–31
• 1832–33
• 1834–35
• 1836–37
• 1838–39
• 1840–41
• 1842–43
• 1844–45
• 1846–47
• 1848–49
• 1850–51
• 1852–53
• 1854–55
• 1856–57
• 1858–59
• 1860–61
• 1862–63
• 1864–65
• 1866–67
• 1868–69
• 1870–71
• 1872–73
• 1874–75
• 1876–77
• 1878–79
• 1880–81
• 1882–83
• 1884–85
• 1886–87
• 1888–89
• 1890–91
• 1892–93
• 1894–95
• 1896–97
• 1898–99
• 1900–01
• 1902–03
• 1904–05
• 1906–07
• 1908–09
• 1910–11
• 1912–13

|group2 = 1914–present
Template:Nobold |list2 = child

| 2_group1 = Regulars
and
even-year
specials | 2_list1 =

• 1914
• 1916
• 1918
• 1920
• 1922
• 1924
• 1926
• 1928
• 1930
• 1932
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• 1936
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• 2030

| 2_group2 = Odd-year
specials | 2_list2 =

• 1913
  • Georgia
  • Maryland
• 1921
• 1923
• 1925
• 1931
• 1933
• 1937
• 1941
• 1947
• 1949
• 1957
• 1959
• 1961
• 1974–75
• 1983
• 1991
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• 2013
• 2017
• List of all specials

| group3 = Elections by state | list3 =

• Alabama
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• Arizona
• Arkansas
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• Colorado
• Connecticut
• Delaware
• District of Columbia
• Florida
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• Tennessee
• Texas
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• Virginia
• Washington
• West Virginia
• Wisconsin
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| below =

• Special elections
• Election disputes
• Results by state
• List of US elections
• House elections
• Presidential elections
• Gubernatorial elections

}}