Voiced bilabial nasal

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Template:Short description Template:Redirect Template:Infobox IPA

A voiced bilabial nasal is a type of consonantal sound which has been observed to occur in about 96% of spoken languages.<ref name="phoible-freq-m">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is Template:Angbr IPA. The bilabial nasal occurs in English, and it is the sound represented by "m" in map and rum. Very few languages (e.g. Wyandot) are known to lack this sound. A small number of languages have been observed to lack independent nasal phonemes altogether, such as Quileute, Makah, and Central Rotokas.<ref name="nasal2009">Template:Cite Q</ref>

Features

File:Voiced bilabial nasal.svg

Features of a voiced bilabial nasal: Template:Nasal stop Template:Bilabial Template:Voiced Template:Nasal Template:Central–lateral Template:Pulmonic

Varieties

IPA Description
{{#invoke:IPA|main}} plain m
{{#invoke:IPA|main}} palatalised
{{#invoke:IPA|main}} velarised
{{#invoke:IPA|main}} pharyngealized

Occurrence

main}} in several languages.
Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
ǃKung lang}} main}} 'eat'
Adyghe lang}} / {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} main}} 'moon'
Arabic Standard<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} / Template:Transliteration main}} 'kitchens' See Arabic phonology
Armenian Eastern<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} / Template:Transliteration Template:Audio-IPA 'mother'
Assyrian lang}} / Template:Transliteration main}} 'owner'
Basque lang}} main}} 'to love'
Bengali lang}} / Template:Transliteration main}} 'mother' See Bengali phonology
Bulgarian lang}} / {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} main}} 'fog'
Burushaski lang}} main}} 'so many'
Catalan<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'mine' See Catalan phonology
Cherokee lang}} / Template:Transliteration main}} 'water'
Cantonese lang}} / {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} / {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} Template:Audio-IPA 'cat' See Cantonese phonology
Chukchi lang}} main}} 'tent'
Chuvash lang}} / Template:Transliteration main}} 'my'
Czech lang}} Template:Audio-IPA 'man' See Czech phonology
Dutch<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} Template:Audio-IPA 'mouth' See Dutch phonology
Dhivehi lang}} main}} 'fish' See Dhivehi phonology
English him Template:Audio-IPA 'him' See English phonology
Esperanto lang}} Template:Audio-IPA 'time' See Esperanto phonology
Estonian maja [maja] 'house' See Estonian phonology
Filipino lang}} main}} 'chicken' See Filipino phonology
Finnish lang}} Template:Audio-IPA 'I' See Finnish phonology
French<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} Template:Audio-IPA 'to eat' See French phonology
Georgian<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} / Template:Transliteration main}} 'three'
German lang}} Template:Audio-IPA 'mouse' See Standard German phonology
Greek<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} / Template:Transliteration Template:Audio-IPA 'clump' See Modern Greek phonology
Gujarati lang}} / Template:Transliteration main}} 'male peacock' See Gujarati phonology
Hawaiian<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'eye' See Hawaiian phonology
Hmong White Hmong Template:Script / {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} main}} 'food' or 'rice'
Hindi lang}} / Template:Transliteration main}} 'honey' See Hindi-Urdu phonology
Hebrew lang}} / Template:Transliteration main}} 'mother' See Modern Hebrew phonology
Hungarian lang}} Template:Audio-IPA 'today' See Hungarian phonology
Indonesian<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'enter'
Italian<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} Template:Audio-IPA 'mommy' See Italian phonology
Japanese<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} / Template:Transliteration main}} 'bean' See Japanese phonology
Kabardian lang}} / Template:Transliteration main}} 'moon'
Kagayanen<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'older sister'
Kazakh lang}} / {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} main}} 'ship' See Kazakh phonology
Ket lang}} main}} 'woman' See Ket language
Khmer lang}} / Template:Transliteration main}} 'Khmer' See Khmer phonology
Korean lang}} / {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} main}} 'village' See Korean phonology
Kurukh lang}} main}} 'cattle'
Lak lang}}/Template:Transliteration main}} 'Lak' See Lak language
Limburgish lang}} main}} 'carrot' Common. Example from the Weert dialect.
Lithuanian lang}} main}} 'mom'
Macedonian lang}} / Template:Transliteration main}} 'mother' See Macedonian phonology
Malay lang}} main}} 'night'
Malayalam<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} / Template:Transliteration main}} 'shortage'
Maltese lang}} main}} 'water'
Mandarin lang}} / {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} / Template:Transliteration Template:Audio-IPA 'cat' See Mandarin phonology
Marathi lang}} / Template:Transliteration main}} 'mind' See Marathi phonology
Mutsun lang}} main}} 'night'
Nepali lang}} / Template:Transliteration main}} 'mother' See Nepali phonology
Norwegian lang}} main}} 'mom' See Norwegian phonology
Ojibwe lang}} / Template:Transliteration main}} 'accuse' See Ojibwe phonology
Odia lang}} / Template:Transliteration main}} 'mother'
Persian lang}} / {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} main}} 'mother' See Persian phonology
Pirahã lang}} main}} 'parent' main}}
Polish<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} Template:Audio-IPA 'mass' See Polish phonology
Portuguese<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} Template:Audio-IPA 'bush' See Portuguese phonology
Punjabi lang}} / Template:Transliteration main}} 'I'
Russian<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} / Template:Transliteration Template:Audio-IPA 'husband' Contrasts with palatalized version. See Russian phonology
Sanskrit lang}} / Template:Transliteration main}} 'I' See Sanskrit phonology
Serbo-CroatianTemplate:Sfnp lang}} / {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} main}} 'my' See Serbo-Croatian phonology
Slovak lang}} main}} 'man'
Slovene lang}} main}} 'mouse'
Spanish<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'cabin boy' See Spanish phonology
Swahili lang}} main}} 'trees'
Swedish lang}} main}} 'mom' See Swedish phonology
Telugu lang}} main}} 'cloud' Occurs as allophone of anuswara when followed by retroflex stops
Thai lang}} / Template:Transliteration main}} 'shabby' See Thai phonology
Toki Pona lang}} main}} 'money'
Tsez lang}} / {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} main}} 'tongue'
Turkish lang}} main}} 'mine' See Turkish phonology
UkrainianTemplate:Sfnp lang}} / Template:Transliteration main}} 'milk' See Ukrainian phonology
Urdu lang}} / Template:Transliteration main}} 'house' See Hindi-Urdu phonology
Uyghur lang}} / Template:Transliteration main}} 'I'
Uzbek lang}} main}} 'I'
Vietnamese<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'salt' See Vietnamese phonology
Welsh lang}} Template:Audio-IPA 'mother' See Welsh phonology
West Frisian lang}} main}} 'lake' See West Frisian phonology
Yi lang}} / Template:Transliteration main}} 'bamboo'
Zapotec Tilquiapan<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'animal'

Palatalized

main}} in several languages.
Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Bulgarian<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}}/Template:Transliteration main}} 'place' main}}. See Bulgarian phonology.
Irish lang}} main}} 'I' main}}. See Irish phonology.
Kildin Saami<ref name="KSphonochart">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}}/Template:Transliteration main}} 'sea' Kildin Saami contrasts varieties of bilabial nasals in voicedness, length and palatalization.<ref name="KSphonochart"/>
Latgalian<ref name="Nau 2011 12">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}}<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> 'flour' main}}.<ref name="Nau 2011 12"/> See Latgalian phonology.
Lithuanian<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'mist' main}}. See Lithuanian phonology
Marshallese<ref name="choi14">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'four' main}}.<ref name="choi14"/>
Nenets Tundra Nenets<ref name="burkova680">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}}/Template:Transliteration main}}<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> 'tent' Contrasts with {{#invoke:IPA|main}}.<ref name="burkova680"/>
Forest Nenets<ref name="burkova680"/> Template:Example needed
Polish lang}} main}} 'meat' main}}. See Polish phonology.
Russian lang}}/Template:Transliteration Template:Audio-IPA 'copper' main}}. See Russian phonology.
Veps<ref name="gruenthal294">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'peninsula' main}}.<ref name="gruenthal294"/>

Velarized

main}} in several languages.
Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Gilbertese lang}}<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> main}} 'sleep' main}} and {{#invoke:IPA|main}}.
Irish lang}} main}} 'if' main}}. See Irish phonology.
Marshallese<ref name="choi14"/> lang}} main}} 'caterpillar' main}}.<ref name="choi14"/>

See also

Notes

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References

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