Voiced bilabial nasal

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Template:Short description Template:Redirect Template:Infobox IPA

A voiced bilabial nasal is a type of consonantal sound which has been observed to occur in about 96% of spoken languages.<ref name="phoible-freq-m">Template:Cite web</ref> The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is Template:Angbr IPA. The bilabial nasal occurs in English, and it is the sound represented by "m" in map and rum. Very few languages (e.g. Wyandot) are known to lack this sound. A small number of languages have been observed to lack independent nasal phonemes altogether, such as Quileute, Makah, and Central Rotokas.<ref name="nasal2009">Template:Cite Q</ref>

Features

File:Voiced bilabial nasal.svg

Features of a voiced bilabial nasal: Template:Nasal stop Template:Bilabial Template:Voiced Template:Nasal Template:Central–lateral Template:Pulmonic

Varieties

IPA Description
Template:IPA plain m
Template:IPA palatalised
Template:IPA velarised
Template:IPA pharyngealized

Occurrence

Occurrence of Template:IPA in several languages.
Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
ǃKung Template:Lang Template:IPA 'eat'
Adyghe Template:Lang / Template:Lang Template:IPA 'moon'
Arabic Standard<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'kitchens' See Arabic phonology
Armenian Eastern<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:Audio-IPA 'mother'
Assyrian Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'owner'
Basque Template:Lang Template:IPA 'to love'
Bengali Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'mother' See Bengali phonology
Bulgarian Template:Lang / Template:Lang Template:IPA 'fog'
Burushaski Template:Lang Template:IPA 'so many'
Catalan<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang Template:IPA 'mine' See Catalan phonology
Cherokee Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'water'
Cantonese Template:Lang / Template:Lang / Template:Lang Template:Audio-IPA 'cat' See Cantonese phonology
Chukchi Template:Lang Template:IPA 'tent'
Chuvash Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'my'
Czech Template:Lang Template:Audio-IPA 'man' See Czech phonology
Dutch<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang Template:Audio-IPA 'mouth' See Dutch phonology
Dhivehi Template:Lang Template:IPA 'fish' See Dhivehi phonology
English him Template:Audio-IPA 'him' See English phonology
Esperanto Template:Lang Template:Audio-IPA 'time' See Esperanto phonology
Estonian maja [maja] 'house' See Estonian phonology
Filipino Template:Lang Template:IPA 'chicken' See Filipino phonology
Finnish Template:Lang Template:Audio-IPA 'I' See Finnish phonology
French<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang Template:Audio-IPA 'to eat' See French phonology
Georgian<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'three'
German Template:Lang Template:Audio-IPA 'mouse' See Standard German phonology
Greek<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:Audio-IPA 'clump' See Modern Greek phonology
Gujarati Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'male peacock' See Gujarati phonology
Hawaiian<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang Template:IPA 'eye' See Hawaiian phonology
Hmong White Hmong Template:Script / Template:Lang Template:IPA 'food' or 'rice'
Hindi Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'honey' See Hindi-Urdu phonology
Hebrew Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'mother' See Modern Hebrew phonology
Hungarian Template:Lang Template:Audio-IPA 'today' See Hungarian phonology
Indonesian<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang Template:IPA 'enter'
Italian<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang Template:Audio-IPA 'mommy' See Italian phonology
Japanese<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'bean' See Japanese phonology
Kabardian Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'moon'
Kagayanen<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang Template:IPA 'older sister'
Kazakh Template:Lang / Template:Lang Template:IPA 'ship' See Kazakh phonology
Ket Template:Lang Template:IPA 'woman' See Ket language
Khmer Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'Khmer' See Khmer phonology
Korean Template:Lang / Template:Lang Template:IPA 'village' See Korean phonology
Kurukh Template:Lang Template:IPA 'cattle'
Lak Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'Lak' See Lak language
Limburgish Template:Lang Template:IPA 'carrot' Common. Example from the Weert dialect.
Lithuanian Template:Lang Template:IPA 'mom'
Macedonian Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'mother' See Macedonian phonology
Malay Template:Lang Template:IPA 'night'
Malayalam<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'shortage'
Maltese Template:Lang Template:IPA 'water'
Mandarin Template:Lang / Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:Audio-IPA 'cat' See Mandarin phonology
Marathi Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'mind' See Marathi phonology
Mutsun Template:Lang Template:IPA 'night'
Nepali Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'mother' See Nepali phonology
Norwegian Template:Lang Template:IPA 'mom' See Norwegian phonology
Ojibwe Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'accuse' See Ojibwe phonology
Odia Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'mother'
Persian Template:Lang / Template:Lang Template:IPA 'mother' See Persian phonology
Pirahã Template:Lang Template:IPA 'parent' allophone of Template:IPA
Polish<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang Template:Audio-IPA 'mass' See Polish phonology
Portuguese<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang Template:Audio-IPA 'bush' See Portuguese phonology
Punjabi Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'I'
Russian<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:Audio-IPA 'husband' Contrasts with palatalized version. See Russian phonology
Sanskrit Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'I' See Sanskrit phonology
Serbo-CroatianTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang / Template:Lang Template:IPA 'my' See Serbo-Croatian phonology
Slovak Template:Lang Template:IPA 'man'
Slovene Template:Lang Template:IPA 'mouse'
Spanish<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang Template:IPA 'cabin boy' See Spanish phonology
Swahili Template:Lang Template:IPA 'trees'
Swedish Template:Lang Template:IPA 'mom' See Swedish phonology
Telugu Template:Lang Template:IPA 'cloud' Occurs as allophone of anuswara when followed by retroflex stops
Thai Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'shabby' See Thai phonology
Toki Pona Template:Lang Template:IPA 'money'
Tsez Template:Lang / Template:Lang Template:IPA 'tongue'
Turkish Template:Lang Template:IPA 'mine' See Turkish phonology
UkrainianTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'milk' See Ukrainian phonology
Urdu Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'house' See Hindi-Urdu phonology
Uyghur Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'I'
Uzbek Template:Lang Template:IPA 'I'
Vietnamese<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang Template:IPA 'salt' See Vietnamese phonology
Welsh Template:Lang Template:Audio-IPA 'mother' See Welsh phonology
West Frisian Template:Lang Template:IPA 'lake' See West Frisian phonology
Yi Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'bamboo'
Zapotec Tilquiapan<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang Template:IPA 'animal'

Palatalized

Occurrence of Template:IPA in several languages.
Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Bulgarian<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'place' Contrasts with Template:IPA. See Bulgarian phonology.
Irish Template:Lang Template:IPA 'I' Contrasts with Template:IPA. See Irish phonology.
Kildin Saami<ref name="KSphonochart">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'sea' Kildin Saami contrasts varieties of bilabial nasals in voicedness, length and palatalization.<ref name="KSphonochart"/>
Latgalian<ref name="Nau 2011 12">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang Template:IPA<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> 'flour' Contrasts with Template:IPA.<ref name="Nau 2011 12"/> See Latgalian phonology.
Lithuanian<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang Template:IPA 'mist' Contrasts with Template:IPA. See Lithuanian phonology
Marshallese<ref name="choi14">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang Template:IPA 'four' Contrasts with Template:IPA.<ref name="choi14"/>
Nenets Tundra Nenets<ref name="burkova680">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration Template:IPA<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> 'tent' Contrasts with Template:IPA.<ref name="burkova680"/>
Forest Nenets<ref name="burkova680"/> Template:Example needed
Polish Template:Lang Template:IPA 'meat' Contrasts with Template:IPA. See Polish phonology.
Russian Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration Template:Audio-IPA 'copper' Contrasts with Template:IPA. See Russian phonology.
Veps<ref name="gruenthal294">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang Template:IPA 'peninsula' Contrasts with Template:IPA.<ref name="gruenthal294"/>

Velarized

Occurrence of Template:IPA in several languages.
Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Gilbertese Template:Lang<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:IPA 'sleep' Contrasts with Template:IPA and Template:IPA.
Irish Template:Lang Template:IPA 'if' Contrasts with Template:IPA. See Irish phonology.
Marshallese<ref name="choi14"/> Template:Lang Template:IPA 'caterpillar' Contrasts with Template:IPA.<ref name="choi14"/>

See also

Notes

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References

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