Template:Short description
Template:Infobox IPA
A voiceless palatal fricative is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages . The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is Template:Angbr IPA . It is the non-sibilant equivalent of the voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative . Palatal fricatives are relatively rare phonemes, and only 5% of the world's languages have Template:IPA as a phoneme.Template:Sfnp The sound further occurs as an allophone of Template:IPAslink (e.g. in German or Greek), or, in other languages, of Template:IPAslink in the vicinity of front vowels .
Features
File:Voiceless palatal fricative articulation.svg Voiceless palatal fricative (ç) Features of a voiceless palatal fricative:
Template:Fricative
Template:Palatal
Template:Voiceless
Template:Oral
Template:Central articulation
Template:Pulmonic
Occurrence
Palatal
Language
Word
IPA Meaning
Notes
Blackfoot Template:Cn Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:IPA 'Seven'
Allophone of Template:IPA .
Chinese Taizhou dialect Template:Lang Template:IPA 'to play'
Corresponds to alveolo-palatal Template:IPA in other Wu dialects.
Meixian dialect
Template:Lang
Template:IPA
'fragrant'
Corresponds to palatalized fricative Template:IPA in romanised as "hi-" or "hy-" Hakka dialect writing.
Danish StandardTemplate:Sfnp
Template:Lang Template:IPA 'splash'
May be alveolo-palatal Template:IPAblink instead.Template:Sfnp Before Template:IPA , aspiration of Template:IPA is realized as devoicing and fortition of Template:IPA .Template:Sfnp Note, however, that the sequence Template:IPA is normally realized as an affricate Template:IPAblink .Template:Sfnp See Danish phonology
Dutch Standard NorthernTemplate:Sfnp
Template:Lang Template:IPA 'crib'
Allophone of Template:IPA before Template:IPA for some speakers.Template:Sfnp See Dutch phonology
English Australian Template:Sfnp h ueTemplate:IPA 'hue'
Phonetic realization of the sequence Template:IPA .Template:Sfnp Template:Sfnp <ref name="wells">Template:Citation </ref> See Australian English phonology and English phonology
British Template:Sfnp <ref name="wells"/>
Scouse Template:Sfnp lik e Template:IPA 'like'
Allophone of Template:IPA ; ranges from palatal to uvular, depending on the preceding vowel.Template:Sfnp See English phonology
Estonian Template:Cn Template:Lang Template:IPA 'rain'
Allophone of Template:IPA . See Estonian phonology
Finnish Template:Cn Template:Lang Template:IPA 'notebook'
Allophone of Template:IPA . See Finnish phonology
French Parisian Template:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:Audio-IPA 'thank you'
The close vowels Template:IPA and the mid front Template:IPA at the end of utterances can be devoiced .Template:Sfnp See French phonology
German Template:Cn Template:Lang Template:Audio-IPA 'not'
Traditionally allophone of Template:IPA , or vice versa, but phonemic for some speakers who have both Template:IPA and Template:IPA (< Template:IPA ). See Standard German phonology .
Haida Template:Cn Template:Lang Template:IPA 'leaf'
Hmong White (Dawb)
Template:Script / Template:Lang Template:IPA 'seven'
Corresponds to alveolo-palatal /ɕ/ in Dananshan dialect
Green (Njua)
Hungarian Template:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'get' (imperative )
Allophone of Template:IPA between a voiceless obstruent and a word boundary. See Hungarian phonology
Icelandic Template:Lang Template:IPA 'here'
Allophone of Template:IPA near Template:IPA and Template:IPA .Template:Sfnp See Icelandic phonology
Irish Template:Cn Template:Lang Template:IPA 'John' (voc. )
See Irish phonology
Japanese Template:Sfnp Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:Audio-IPA 'day'
Allophone of Template:IPA before Template:IPA and Template:IPA . See Japanese phonology
Kabyle Template:Cn Template:Lang Template:IPA 'to measure'
Korean Template:Cn Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:Audio-IPA 'strength'
Allophone of Template:IPA word-initially before Template:IPA and Template:IPA . See Korean phonology
Minangkabau Mukomuko Template:Cn loyh Template:IPA 'loose'
Allophone of /h/ after /i/, /oj/, and /uj/ in coda.
Moksha Template:Cn Template:Lang Template:IPA 'nose'
Muniche
Template:IPA
'plant stalk'
<ref name=":0">Template:Citation </ref>
Norwegian Urban East Template:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:Audio-IPA 'core'
Often alveolo-palatal Template:IPAblink instead; younger speakers in Bergen, Stavanger and Oslo merge it with Template:IPAslink .Template:Sfnp See Norwegian phonology
Pashto Ghilji dialect Template:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'foot'
See Pashto phonology
Wardak dialect
Romanian StandardTemplate:Cn
Template:Lang Template:Audio-IPA 'Rohia '
Allophone of Template:IPA before Template:IPA . Typically transcribed with [hʲ]. See Romanian phonology
Russian StandardTemplate:Sfnp
Template:Lang / Template:Transliteration Template:Audio-IPA 'hard'
Possible realization of Template:IPA .Template:Sfnp See Russian phonology
Scottish Gaelic Template:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'horses'
Slender allophone of Template:IPAslink . See Scottish Gaelic phonology and orthography
Sicilian Template:Cn Template:Lang Template:IPA 'river'
Evolved from the Latin Template:IPA nexus. Realized as Template:IPAblink when preceded by a consonant. See Sicilian phonology
Spanish Chilean <ref>Palatal phenomena in Spanish phonology Template:Webarchive Page 113</ref>Template:Lang Template:IPA 'woman'
Allophone of Template:IPAslink before front vowels. See Spanish phonology
Turkish <ref name="gk6">Template:Harvcoltxt </ref>Template:Lang Template:Audio-IPA 'intellect'
Allophone of Template:IPA .<ref name="gk6"/> See Turkish phonology
Uzbek Template:Cn Template:Lang Template:IPA 'school'
Occurs when Template:IPAslink comes before Template:IPAslink and Template:IPAslink sounds.
Walloon Template:Cn Template:Lang Template:Audio 'to knit'
⟨xh⟩ spelling proper in Common Walloon, in the Feller system it would be written ⟨hy⟩
Welsh Template:Lang Template:Audio 'language'
Occurs in words where Template:IPA comes before Template:IPA due to h-prothesis of the original word, i.e. Template:IPA Template:Lang Template:Gloss becomes Template:Lang Template:Gloss , resulting in Template:IPA Template:Lang → Template:IPA Template:Lang .Template:Sfnp See Welsh phonology
Post-palatal
Template:Infobox IPA
There is also a voiceless post-palatal fricative in some languages, which is articulated slightly farther back compared with the place of articulation of the prototypical voiceless palatal fricative, though not as back as the prototypical voiceless velar fricative . The International Phonetic Alphabet does not have a separate symbol for that sound, though it can be transcribed as Template:Angbr IPA , Template:Angbr IPA (both symbols denote a retracted Template:Angbr IPA ) or Template:Angbr IPA (advanced Template:Angbr IPA ).
Features
Template:Fricative
Template:Post-palatal
Template:Voiceless
Template:Oral
Template:Central articulation
Template:Pulmonic
Occurrence
Voiceless palatal approximant
Template:Infobox IPA The voiceless palatal approximant is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages. Some scholars posit it distinct from the fricative. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is Template:Angbr IPA , a j with a ring ,<ref>Template:Cite journal </ref> indicating the voiceless homologue of the voiced palatal approximant , or Template:Angbr IPA , a c with cedilla with a lowering diacritic after it, which indicates a weaker or lowered version of the voiceless palatal fricative. The IPA also had a dedicated symbol Template:Angbr IPA , an h with palatal hook , which also represented a palatalized h sound , but that is now obsolete. In the Finno-Ugric transcription , it is transcribed Template:Angbr , a small capital j .
The palatal approximant can in many cases be considered the semivocalic equivalent of the voiceless variant of the close front unrounded vowel Template:IPA . The sound is essentially an Australian English Template:Angbr (as in y ear
Features
Template:Approximant
Template:Palatal
Template:Voiceless
Template:Oral
Template:Central articulation
Template:Pulmonic
Occurrence
It is found as a phoneme in Jalapa Mazatec and Washo as well as in Kildin Sami .
See also
Notes
Template:Reflist
References
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External links
Template:IPA navigation
