1930 United States House of Representatives elections

Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox election The 1930 United States House of Representatives elections were elections for the United States House of Representatives to elect members to serve in the 72nd United States Congress. They were held for the most part on November 4, 1930, while Maine held theirs on September 8. They occurred in the middle of President Herbert Hoover's term.

During the election cycle, the nation was entering its second year of the Great Depression, and Hoover was perceived<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> as doing little to solve the crisis, with his personal popularity being very low. His Republican Party was initially applauded for instituting protectionist economic policies, which were intended to limit imports to stimulate the domestic market; however, after the passage of the heavily damaging Smoot–Hawley Tariff, a policy that was bitterly opposed by the Democratic Party, public opinion turned sharply against Republican policies, and the party bore the blame for the economic collapse.

While the Democrats gained 52 seats in the 1930 midterm elections, Republicans retained a narrow one-seat majority of 218 seats after the polls closed versus the Democrats' 216 seats; however, during the 13 months between these elections and the convening of the 72nd Congress,<ref name="Look">Template:Cite interview</ref> 14 members-elect died (including incumbent Speaker Nicholas Longworth), and the Democrats gained an additional three seats in the special elections called to fill these vacancies, thus gaining control of the House (they held a 219–213 advantage over the Republicans when the new Congress convened).<ref name="Look"/><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

This was the first of four consecutive Depression-era House elections in which Democrats made enormous gains, achieving a cumulative gain of 174 seats. Over the ensuing 64 years (until the 1994 midterm elections), House Republicans would be in the minority for all but four years, winning majorities only in 1946 and in 1952.

Overall results

↓
style="background:Template:Party color; width:48.66%" \| 216	style="background:Template:Party color; width:0.23%" \| 1	style="background:Template:Party color; width:51.11%" \| 218
Democratic	Template:Efn	Republican

Source: Election Statistics – Office of the Clerk

Template:Bar box

Special elections

Template:Expand list Template:See also Elections are listed by date and district.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Template:Ushr	William W. Griest	Template:Party shading/Republican \| Republican	1908	Template:Party shading/Republican/Hold \| Incumbent died December 5, 1929. New member elected January 28, 1930. Republican hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	Will Kirk Kaynor	Template:Party shading/Republican \| Republican	1928	Template:Party shading/Democratic \| Incumbent died December 20, 1929. New member elected February 11, 1930. Democratic gain. Winner later re-elected to the next term; see below.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	John M. Robsion	Template:Party shading/Republican \| Republican	1918	Template:Party shading/Republican/Hold \| Incumbent resigned January 10, 1930 to become U.S. senator. New member elected February 15, 1930. Republican hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	John F. Carew	Template:Party shading/Democratic \| Democratic	1912	Template:Party shading/Democratic/Hold \| Incumbent resigned December 28, 1929, after being appointed to the New York Supreme Court. New member elected April 11, 1930. Democratic hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	Robert Q. Lee	Template:Party shading/Democratic \| Democratic	1928	Template:Party shading/Democratic/Hold \| Incumbent died April 18, 1930. New member elected May 20, 1930. Democratic hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	Otis Wingo	Template:Party shading/Democratic \| Democratic	1912	Template:Party shading/Democratic/Hold \| Incumbent died October 21, 1930. New member elected November 4, 1930 to finish her husband's term. Democratic hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	James P. Glynn	Template:Party shading/Republican \| Republican	1914 1922 Template:Small 1924	Template:Party shading/Republican/Hold \| Incumbent died March 6, 1930. New member elected November 4, 1930. Republican hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	Edward John King	Template:Party shading/Republican \| Republican	1914	Template:Party shading/Republican/Hold \| Incumbent died February 17, 1929. New member elected November 4, 1930. Republican hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	Thomas S. Williams	Template:Party shading/Republican \| Republican	1914	Template:Party shading/Democratic \| Incumbent resigned November 11, 1929, after being appointed to the U.S. Court of Claims. New member elected November 4, 1930. Democratic gain.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	David H. Kincheloe	Template:Party shading/Democratic \| Democratic	1914	Template:Party shading/Democratic/Hold \| Incumbent resigned October 5, 1930, after being appointed to the U.S. Customs Court. New member elected November 4, 1930. Democratic hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	Charles M. Stedman	Template:Party shading/Democratic \| Democratic	1910	Template:Party shading/Democratic/Hold \| Incumbent died September 23, 1930. New member elected November 4, 1930. Democratic hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	William C. Hammer	Template:Party shading/Democratic \| Democratic	1920	Template:Party shading/Democratic/Hold \| Incumbent died September 26, 1930. New member elected November 4, 1930. Democratic hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	Stephen G. Porter	Template:Party shading/Republican \| Republican	1910	Template:Party shading/Republican/Hold \| Incumbent died June 27, 1930. New member elected November 4, 1930. Republican hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	Edgar R. Kiess	Template:Party shading/Republican \| Republican	1912	Template:Party shading/Republican/Hold \| Incumbent died July 20, 1930. New member elected November 4, 1930. Republican hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	Jeremiah E. O'Connell	Template:Party shading/Democratic \| Democratic	1922 1926 Template:Small 1928	Template:Party shading/Democratic/Hold \| Incumbent resigned to become Associate Justice of Rhode Island Superior Court. New member elected November 4, 1930. Democratic hold. Winner was also elected to the next term; see below.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	Elmer O. Leatherwood	Template:Party shading/Republican \| Republican	1920	Template:Party shading/Republican/Hold \| Incumbent died December 24, 1929. New member elected November 4, 1930. Republican hold. Winner also elected to the next term; see below.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	James A. Hughes	Template:Party shading/Republican \| Republican	1900 1914 Template:Small 1926	Template:Party shading/Republican/Hold \| Incumbent died March 2, 1930. New member elected November 4, 1930. Republican hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	Florian Lampert	Template:Party shading/Republican \| Republican	[[1918 Wisconsin's 6th congressional district special election\|1918 Template:Small]]	Template:Party shading/Democratic \| Incumbent died July 18, 1930. New member elected November 4, 1930. Democratic gain. Winner also elected to the next term; see below.	Template:Plainlist

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Delegate	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Template:Ushr	Daniel Sutherland	Template:Party shading/Republican \| Republican	1920	Template:Party shading/Republican/Hold \| Incumbent retired. Republican hold.	Template:Plainlist

1930 United States House of Representatives elections

Overall results

Special elections

Alabama

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

Non-voting delegates

Alaska Territory

See also

Notes

References

Further research

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